Trait evolution, community assembly, and the phylogenetic structure of ecological communities
Trait evolution, community assembly, and the phylogenetic structure of ecological communities
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DOI：
10.1086/519400
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ackerly, David D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kraft, Nathan J. B.;Cornwell, William K.;Ackerly, David D.
群落中共同发生的分类群在表型或系统发育方面通常代表区域物种库的非随机样本。虽然启发式论证已经确定了创造群落系统发育模式的过程，但进一步的进展取决于对潜在生态和进化过程之间相互作用的更全面的理解。我们创建了一个模拟框架来模拟性状进化，组装群落（通过竞争，栖息地过滤或中性组装），并测试最终群落的系统发育模式。我们发现，当性状高度保守和多个性状影响群落成员时，系统发育群落结构最大。当具有衍生（而非祖先）特征的分类群在群落中受到青睐时，生境过滤会产生更强的系统发育结构。最近相关测试在检测竞争模式方面有更大的能力，而总社区相关性测试在栖息地过滤方面表现更好。当地社区相对于区域池的规模对统计能力有很大影响；通常，对于通过过滤创建的社区，随着池规模的扩大，权力会增加，但对于通过竞争创建的社区，权力会减少。我们的研究结果加深了我们对系统发育群落结构过程的理解，并为实证研究的设计和解释提供了指导。
Taxa co-occurring in communities often represent a nonrandom sample, in phenotypic or phylogenetic terms, of the regional species pool. While heuristic arguments have identified processes that create community phylogenetic patterns, further progress hinges on a more comprehensive understanding of the interactions between underlying ecological and evolutionary processes. We created a simulation framework to model trait evolution, assemble communities (via competition, habitat filtering, or neutral assembly), and test the phylogenetic pattern of the resulting communities. We found that phylogenetic community structure is greatest when traits are highly conserved and when multiple traits influence species membership in communities. Habitat filtering produces stronger phylogenetic structure when taxa with derived (as opposed to ancestral) traits are favored in the community. Nearest-relative tests have greater power to detect patterns due to competition, while total community relatedness tests perform better with habitat filtering. The size of the local community relative to the regional pool strongly influences statistical power; in general, power increases with larger pool sizes for communities created by filtering but decreases for communities created by competition. Our results deepen our understanding of processes that contribute to phylogenetic community structure and provide guidance for the design and interpretation of empirical research.