The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945–85
The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945–85
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选举法的政治后果，1945-85
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Arend Lijphart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arend Lijphart
对主要选举制度变量之间关系的系统分析（选举公式，地区规模，和选票结构）和选举结果1945年至1985年，20个西方民主国家（代表32种不同的选举制度）的民主程度（民主程度和多党制）（选举制度被定义为在基本相同的规则下举行的一组选举）-表明公式和幅度对比例性的影响都很强，比道格拉斯W. Rae和随后的研究人员认为，另一方面，它们对参加选举的政党数量的影响是令人惊讶的微弱;选票结构只影响单成员地区制度中的多党程度。这些发现表明，政治家和选民的战略行为在减少多党政治中所起的作用不如通常所认为的那么重要。
A systematic analysis of the relationships between the main electoral system variables (electoral formula, district magnitude, and ballot structure) and electoral outcomes (the degrees of disproportionality and multipartism) in the 20 Western democracies from 1945 to 1985—representing 32 distinct electoral systems (an electoral system being defined as a set of elections held under basically the same rules)—shows that the effects of both formula and magnitude on proportionality are very strong, much stronger than Douglas W. Rae and subsequent researchers have suggested; that on the other hand, their effects on the number of parties participating in elections is surprisingly weak; and that ballot structure affects the degree of multipartism only in single-member district systems. These findings suggest that strategic behavior by politicians and voters plays a less important role in reducing multipartism than is usually assumed.