Genetically Divergent Types of the Wheat Leaf Fungus Puccinia triticina in Ethiopia, a Center of Tetraploid Wheat Diversity
Genetically Divergent Types of the Wheat Leaf Fungus Puccinia triticina in Ethiopia, a Center of Tetraploid Wheat Diversity
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto-10-15-0247-r
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Acevedo, M. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolmer, J. A.;Acevedo, M. A.
从埃塞俄比亚中部高地的四倍体和六倍体小麦中获得了小麦叶锈菌（Puccinia triticina）的收集物，以及2011年至2013年来自肯尼亚的少量收集物，以确定这种小麦病原体在宿主多样性中心的遗传多样性。利用10个SSR引物对20个不同抗叶锈基因的撒切尔小麦品系进行了单夏孢子分离物的毒力表型和分子基因型检测。在193株毒力测试菌株中描述了9种毒力表型。仅在埃塞俄比亚发现的表型BBBQJ主要收集自四倍体小麦。也仅在埃塞俄比亚发现的表型EEE仅从四倍体小麦中收集，并且对易感的六倍体小麦'Thatcher'无毒。在埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚发现的表型MBDSS和MCDSS主要从普通小麦中收集。在埃塞俄比亚的普通小麦中发现了低频率的表型CCMSS、CCPSS和CBMSS。在肯尼亚的硬粒小麦和普通小麦上发现了表型TCBSS和TCBSQ。在48个分离物中发现了4组不同的SSR基因型。表型BBBQJ和EEE1的菌株属于两个不同的SSR类群，表型MBDSS和MCDSS的菌株属于第三类群。具有CCMSS、CCPSS、CBMSS、TCBSS和TCBSQ表型的菌株属于第四SSR基因型组。埃塞俄比亚不同的寄主环境选择并维持了一个遗传上不同的小黑麦种群。
Collections of Puccinia triticina, the wheat leaf rust fungus, were obtained from tetraploid and hexaploid wheat in the central highlands of Ethiopia, and a smaller number from Kenya, from 2011 to 2013, in order to determine the genetic diversity of this wheat pathogen in a center of host diversity. Single-uredinial isolates were derived and tested for virulence phenotype to 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes and for molecular genotypes with 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Nine virulence phenotypes were described among the 193 isolates tested for virulence. Phenotype BBBQJ, found only in Ethiopia, was predominantly collected from tetraploid wheat. Phenotype EEEEE, also found only in Ethiopia, was exclusively collected from tetraploid wheat and was avirulent to the susceptible hexaploid wheat 'Thatcher'. Phenotypes MBDSS and MCDSS, found in both Ethiopia and Kenya, were predominantly collected from common wheat. Phenotypes CCMSS, CCPSS, and CBMSS were found in Ethiopia from common wheat at low frequency. Phenotypes TCBSS and TCBSQ were found on durum wheat and common wheat in Kenya. Four groups of distinct SSR genotypes were described among the 48 isolates genotyped. Isolates with phenotypes BBBQJ and EEEEE were in two distinct SSR groups, and isolates with phenotypes MBDSS and MCDSS were in a third group. Isolates with CCMSS, CCPSS, CBMSS, TCBSS, and TCBSQ phenotypes were in a fourth SSR genotype group. The diverse host environment of Ethiopia has selected and maintained a genetically divergent population of P. triticina.