The estrous cycle affects pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection of the CNS.
The estrous cycle affects pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection of the CNS.
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发情周期影响中枢神经系统的伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）感染。
DOI：
10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03320-5
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Huang,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss,ML;Dobbs,ME;MohanKumar,PS;Chowdhury,SI;Sawrey,K;Guevara-Guzman,R;Huang,J
以前的工作表明，粘膜免疫可能受到发情周期阶段的影响。在此，在啮齿动物模型中，将病毒直接注射到内脏器官中，评估了在发情周期的不同阶段对嗜神经病毒感染的易感性。在前两个实验中，雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠在监测其动情周期后，通过注射到子宫颈或肾脏中感染伪狂犬病病毒（PRV，Bartha's K株）。在感染后4天或5天的存活期后，通过经心灌注对大鼠实施安乐死，并取出外周和中枢神经系统组织进行免疫细胞化学染色。在各个区域中计数受感染的神经元的数量。统计学分析表明：（1）在子宫颈注射PRV后，无论发情周期处于哪个阶段，交感神经节、副交感神经节或背根神经节中的感染细胞数均不受影响，（2）相反，在子宫颈注射PRV时，脊髓中的感染神经元数受发情周期的影响显著;（3）肾脏感染后，脊髓或背根神经节内的感染神经元数目在整个动情周期内变化显著。在这两种情况下，在动情前期或动情期感染的动物比在动情间期I或动情间期II感染的动物具有更少的感染神经元（动情前期和动情期动物在动情间期I或动情间期II大鼠中发现的感染细胞少于20%）。在第三个实验中，在从下胸脊髓分离病毒之前，通过肾脏注射感染老年持续发情或持续非发情大鼠，并给予4天的存活期。持续发情的动物每克组织中的病毒明显少于持续发情的大鼠。这些数据表明，与发情间期I或发情间期II的动物相比，发情前期或发情期动物的CNS对PRV感染的敏感性较低。由于雌激素替代疗法已知在生殖老化期间恢复一些免疫功能，因此推测血浆雌激素水平调节中枢神经系统对病毒感染的易感性。
Previous work had suggested that mucosal immunity may be affected by the stage of the estrous cycle. Here, susceptibility to a neurotropic virus infection at different stages of the estrous cycle was assessed in a rodent model after direct injection of the virus into visceral organs. In the first two experiments, female Sprague–Dawley rats were infected with pseudorabies virus (PRV, Bartha’s K-strain) by injection into either the cervix or the kidney after monitoring their estrous cycle. After either 4- or 5-day survival period post-infection, the rats were euthanized by transcardially perfusion and peripheral and central nervous system tissues were removed for immunocytochemical staining. The number of infected neurons was counted in various regions. Statistical analysis revealed that: (1) the number of infected cells in the sympathetic or parasympathetic ganglion, or the dorsal root ganglia was not affected regardless of the stage of the estrous cycle after cervix injection with PRV; (2) in contrast, the number of infected neurons in the spinal cord was affected significantly by the stage of the estrous cycle during viral infection of the cervix; (3) after kidney infection, the number of infected neurons found within the spinal cord or dorsal root ganglia varied significantly across the estrous cycle. In both cases, animals infected in proestrus or estrus had fewer infected neurons than animals infected in diestrus I or diestrus II (proestrous and estrous animals had less than 20% of infected cells found in diestrus I or diestrus II rats). In the third experiment, older, persistent estrous or persistent diestrous rats were infected by kidney injection and given a 4-day survival period, prior to virus isolation from lower thoracic spinal cord. Animals in persistent estrous had significantly less virus per gram of tissue than the persistent diestrous rats. These data suggest that the CNS of animals in proestrus or estrus is less susceptible to PRV infection compared to animals in either diestrus I or diestrus II. Because estrogen replacement therapy is known to restore some immune functions during reproductive ageing, it is speculated that plasma estrogen levels modulate the central nervous system’s susceptibility to viral infections.