Why is initial bacterial colonization of the intestine important to infants' and children's health?
Why is initial bacterial colonization of the intestine important to infants' and children's health?
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DOI：
10.1097/mpg.0000000000000597
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Walker WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houghteling PD;Walker WA
婴儿的微生物定殖发生在免疫和胃肠道发育的关键时间窗期间。婴儿定植为成人微生物组奠定了基础。这篇综述是对影响婴儿定植的因素及其对胃肠道健康和疾病的下游影响的广泛调查。影响定植的主要议题包括依赖于出生模式的初始接种、母乳喂养的影响以及免疫系统对发育中的微生物组的由内而外的调节。定植的主要结果包括新生儿免疫系统的时间依赖性教育，这与屏障功能和代谢相互关联。这些都与微生物组，遗传学和营养学进一步持续相互作用。这篇综述也将简要地讨论破坏定植以及营养和微生物疗法引起的疾病的机制。
Microbial colonization of the infant occurs during a critical time window for immune and gastrointestinal development. Infant colonization sets the stage for the adult microbiome. This review is a broad survey of the factors affecting infant colonization and the downstream effects on gastrointestinal health and disease. Major topics affecting colonization include initial inoculation dependent on birth mode, the impact of breastfeeding, and inside-out modulation of the developing microbiome by the immune system. Major outcomes of colonization include the timing-dependent education of the neonatal immune system, which is interconnected with barrier function and metabolism. These all engage in further continuing cross-talk with the microbiome, genetics and nutrition. This review will also briefly discuss mechanisms of disease resulting from disrupted colonization as well as nutritional and microbial therapies.