Tetrapod turnover during the Permo-Triassic transition explained by temperature change
Tetrapod turnover during the Permo-Triassic transition explained by temperature change
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DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103886
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Jun Liu;F. Abdala;K. Angielczyk;C. Sidor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jun Liu;F. Abdala;K. Angielczyk;C. Sidor
从二叠纪晚期到三叠纪早期，全球气温发生了显着变化：地球从凉爽的世界转变为温室气候。这种转变无疑对四足动物的生理和分布产生了重大影响。在全球变冷期间，四足动物的体型普遍增大。而目前公认的二叠纪晚期四足动物灭绝，以南非卡鲁盆地保存的记录为例，就发生在冷却后期。据预测，三叠纪早期的快速变暖将导致低纬度四足动物的灭绝和/或局部灭绝，但该地区的化石记录非常有限，使得检验这一假设变得困难。预计变暖对中纬度地区四足动物多样性的负面影响较小，并促进了高纬度地区四足动物的成功。根据已知的化石记录，四足动物间隙可能存在于盘古大陆中部约 30°N 至约 40°S 之间，并持续从印度纪到早期斯帕蒂阶。然而，这个间隙的确切边界可能会随着时间的推移而变化，并且在最热的阶段（格里斯巴赫阶和史密斯-斯帕森边界附近）它可能涵盖更大的区域。
Global temperatures significantly changed from the late Permian to the Early Triassic: the Earth transformed from a cool world to a hothouse climate. This transition undoubtedly had a strong impact on tetrapod physiology and distribution. During the global cooling, tetrapods generally increased their size; and the currently recognized late Permian tetrapod extinction, exemplified by the record preserved in the South African Karoo Basin, occurred in the late stage of cooling. Rapid warming in the Early Triassic is predicted to have resulted in extinctions and/or local extirpation of low latitude tetrapods, but the very limited fossil record from this region makes testing this hypothesis difficult. Warming is predicted to have had less negative impacts on the tetrapod diversity of mid-latitudes, and promoted the success of tetrapods in the high latitudes. Based on the known fossil record, a tetrapod gap could have existed in central Pangea between ~30°N and ~ 40°S, and lasting from the Induan to the early Spathian. However, the exact boundaries of this gap likely varied over time, and it could have encompassed a larger area during the hottest phases (Griesbachian and near the Smithian–Spathain boundary).