On the History of the Trukese Vowels
On the History of the Trukese Vowels
复制标题
特鲁克语元音的历史
作者：
Isidore Dyen
1. 特鲁克斯语是一种马来亚-波利尼西亚语，大约有1万名居民在特鲁克泻湖上使用，还有几千人在北部的霍尔群岛和南部的莫特洛克群岛使用。据我所知，本文是第一次尝试将比较方法应用于特鲁克斯语。通过对11种不同的马来-波利尼西亚语言进行比较，可以得到大量的重建结果。”本文试图将这些重建结果应用于特鲁克斯语。这个过程应该能让我们对特鲁克斯语元音的历史有所了解。2. 虽然讨论集中在特鲁克斯语的元音上，但很明显，特鲁克斯语单词的辅音或其他马来-波利尼西亚语言中作为同源词的语素，同样必须与姐妹同源词和重建词相对应。如果没有，就需要一个补充假设来解释不同的辅音反射。否则，这种比较肯定是值得怀疑的。3. 相对确定的特鲁克斯同源词总数不到100个。关于特鲁克斯语任何阶段的历史，所能获得的信息量当然会受到毫无疑问的同源词数量的严重限制。
1. Trukese is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by about 10,000 inhabitants of the islands of the Truk lagoon and by a few thousands more in the Hall Islands to the north and in the Mortlock Islands to the south.' This paper is the first attempt (as far as I know) to apply the comparative method to Trukese. A large number of reconstructions based on the comparison of some eleven different Malayo-Polynesian languages2 are available.' This paper attempts to deal with the results obtained by applying these reconstructions to Trukese. This procedure should give us some insight into the history of the Trukese vowels. 2. Although the discussion is centered on the vowels of Trukese, it is obvious that the consonants of Trukese words or morphemes suggested as cognates of words in other Malayo-Polynesian languages must likewise correspond to those of sister-cognates and of the reconstructions. Where they do not, a supplementary hypothesis will be necessary to explain the disparate consonant reflexes. Otherwise the comparisons must remain doubtful. 3. The total number of Trukese cognates taken to be relatively certain is under a hundred. The amount of information which can be gained concerning the history of any phase of the Trukese language will of course be severely limited by the number of the unquestionable cognates.