Earthquake clustering in modern seismicity and its relationship with strong historical earthquakes around Beijing, China

Earthquake clustering in modern seismicity and its relationship with strong historical earthquakes around Beijing, China
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现代地震活动中的地震聚集及其与北京周边历史强震的关系

DOI:
10.1093/gji/ggx326
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Wang J
Wang J
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang J

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北京是中国的首都,位于典型的板内地震带,自1970年以来,有相对高质量的仪器目录数据。《中国历史地震目录》收录了北京地区6次Ms ≥ 6的历史强震,最早的一次发生在公元294年。这对中国人口最稠密和经济最活跃的地区之一构成了重大的潜在危险。在某些板内区域,与历史事件相关的事件集群可以持续几个世纪,例如,美国东部新马德里区的持续序列。在这里,我们将研究北京周围这种持久集群的证据。我们引入了一个被称为“地震密度指数”的度量,它量化了地震能量释放的聚集程度。对于一个给定的地图位置,这个多维指数取决于事件的数量,它们的震级,以及到周围地震群位置的距离。我们将该指数应用于1970年至2014年的现代仪器目录数据,并确定了六个明确的候选区域。然后,我们将这些位置与六次历史上最大地震的震中和地震强度数据进行比较。每个候选区域包含六个历史事件之一,其中五个事件的峰值强度位置在报告的震中5公里左右的范围内。在一个例子中,1679年的8级大地震,其峰值比报告的震中更接近最强震动(强度XI或更高)的区域。现今的事件率与修正的大森定律预测的相似,但没有证据表明事件率正在衰减。因此,该指数更有可能找出岩石圈中持续薄弱的位置。我们的研究结果表明,地震高密度指数带原则上可以用来指示中国和其他地方未记录的历史古地震事件的位置。
Beijing, China's capital city, is located in a typical intraplate seismic belt, with relatively high-quality instrumental catalogue data available since 1970. The Chinese historical earthquake catalogue contains six strong historical earthquakes ofMs≥ 6 around Beijing, the earliest in 294 AD. This poses a significant potential hazard to one of the most densely populated and economically active parts of China. In some intraplate areas, persistent clusters of events associated with historical events can occur over centuries, for example, the ongoing sequence in the New Madrid zone of the eastern US. Here we will examine the evidence for such persistent clusters around Beijing. We introduce a metric known as the ‘seismic density index’ that quantifies the degree of clustering of seismic energy release. For a given map location, this multi-dimensional index depends on the number of events, their magnitudes, and the distances to the locations of the surrounding population of earthquakes. We apply the index to modern instrumental catalogue data between 1970 and 2014, and identify six clear candidate zones. We then compare these locations to earthquake epicentre and seismic intensity data for the six largest historical earthquakes. Each candidate zone contains one of the six historical events, and the location of peak intensity is within 5 km or so of the reported epicentre in five of these cases. In one case—the greatMs8 earthquake of 1679—the peak is closer to the area of strongest shaking (Intensity XI or more) than the reported epicentre. The present-day event rates are similar to those predicted by the modified Omori law but there is no evidence of ongoing decay in event rates. Accordingly, the index is more likely to be picking out the location of persistent weaknesses in the lithosphere. Our results imply zones of high seismic density index could be used in principle to indicate the location of unrecorded historical of palaeoseismic events, in China and elsewhere.
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