Obesity and inflammation: a new look at an old problem.
Obesity and inflammation: a new look at an old problem.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11883-007-0009-4
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Farmer, John A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehta, Sachin;Farmer, John A
在城市急诊科（艾德）接受急诊治疗时，如果没有对性行为活跃的青少年和成年人进行淋病和衣原体筛查，将导致38%至82%的感染者错过治疗机会。淋病和衣原体感染的患病率艾德患者表现为泌尿生殖系统或妊娠相关的投诉或提供尿液标本作为常规医疗护理的一部分，范围从4.3%到16.4%。值得注意的是，一般艾德患者的患病率相似（9.7%-14.3%）。由于这些感染的无症状或非特异性表现，建议扩大筛查，以增加检测，治疗和伴侣通知。由于艾德出院后随访的困难和不完整性，建议在艾德环境中采用较低的经验性治疗阈值。具体的建议，以提高质量的艾德护理性传播感染和扩大detectionsprovided.Obesity是一种高度流行的疾病与心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率的多重影响。肥胖的传统观点是，过多的脂肪组织代表了多余能量的被动储存库。然而，肥胖已被证明是一个高度活跃的内分泌器官，具有多种代谢途径，与经典的心脏危险因素相互作用。炎症在动脉粥样硬化中的作用已经通过各种标记物的现成可用性得到澄清，包括C-反应蛋白、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、止血标记物、抗凝血蛋白和各种新兴标记物，如白细胞介素和粘附分子。脂肪组织已被证明是多种蛋白质的合成位点，这些蛋白质密切参与炎症的调节。肥胖代表一种炎症状态的概念在过去十年中获得了信任，并为动脉粥样硬化和危险因素相互作用的机制提供了见解。
Failure to screen sexually active adolescents and adults for gonorrhea and chlamydia at the time of acute care visits to urban emergency departments (ED) results in missed treatment opportunities for 38% to 82% of infected persons. The prevalence of gonorrhea and chlamydia infections among ED patients presenting with genitourinary or pregnancy-related complaints or providing urine specimens as part of routine medical care ranges from 4.3% to 16.4%. Notably, prevalence among general ED patients is similar (9.7%-14.3%). Due to the asymptomatic or nonspecific presentation of these infections, expanded screening is recommended to increase detection, treatment, and partner notification. A lower threshold of empiric treatment in the ED setting is recommended due to the difficulty and incompleteness of follow-up subsequent to ED discharge. Specific recommendations to improve the quality of ED care for sexually transmitted infections and to expand detection are provided.Obesity is a highly prevalent disease with multiple implications for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The traditional view of obesity is that excessive adipose tissue represents a passive storage depot of excess energy. However, obesity has been demonstrated to be a highly active endocrine organ with multiple metabolic pathways that interact with classic cardiac risk factors. The role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has been clarified by the ready availability of a variety of markers, including C-reactive protein, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hemostatic markers, resistin, and a variety of emerging markers such as interleukins and adhesion molecules. Adipose tissue has been demonstrated to be the site of synthesis of a variety of proteins that are intimately involved in the regulation of inflammation. The concept that obesity represents an inflammatory state has gained credence over the past decade and has provided insights into the mechanisms of atherosclerosis and risk factor interaction.