Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome
Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1253435
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发表时间：
2014-08-22
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Wincker, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chalhoub, Boulos;Denoeud, France;Wincker, Patrick
油菜（Brassica napus L.）类似于7500年前由B. rapa和B.甘蓝，然后染色体加倍，这一过程被称为异源多倍体。再加上更古老的多倍化，这赋予了自被子植物起源以来的72倍基因组倍增和高基因含量。我们检查了B。油菜基因组及其最近复制的后果。组成A（n）和C-n亚基因组参与微妙的结构，功能和表观遗传的串扰，丰富的homeoprotein交换。早期的基因丢失和表达差异已经开始。B中的选择。油菜含油种子类型加速了硫代葡萄糖苷基因的损失，同时保持了油生物合成基因的扩增。这些过程提供了异源多倍体进化及其与作物驯化和改良的关系的见解。
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed similar to 7500 years ago by hybridization between B. rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as allopolyploidy. Together with more ancient polyploidizations, this conferred an aggregate 72x genome multiplication since the origin of angiosperms and high gene content. We examined the B. napus genome and the consequences of its recent duplication. The constituent A(n) and C-n subgenomes are engaged in subtle structural, functional, and epigenetic cross-talk, with abundant homeologous exchanges. Incipient gene loss and expression divergence have begun. Selection in B. napus oilseed types has accelerated the loss of glucosinolate genes, while preserving expansion of oil biosynthesis genes. These processes provide insights into allopolyploid evolution and its relationship with crop domestication and improvement.