Prenatal and parenting stress on adolescent maternal adjustment: Identifying a high-risk subgroup
Prenatal and parenting stress on adolescent maternal adjustment: Identifying a high-risk subgroup
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DOI：
10.1007/s10995-006-0159-y
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Ickovics, Jeannette R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holub, Christina K.;Kershaw, Trace S.;Ickovics, Jeannette R.
目的：必须查明哪些青少年面临特别困难的怀孕风险，并调整为父母，因为这些新生儿的身心发展取决于这些母亲的福祉。本研究旨在探讨产前压力和父母压力的影响，以及与（1）青少年母亲适应和（2）产后情绪困扰的关系。研究方法：在一项前瞻性纵向队列研究中，154名怀孕青少年（年龄14-19岁）从10个公共诊所进行了四次采访，从怀孕的第三个三个月到产后16个月。四个压力组的计划比较被用来比较平均分数的措施，母亲的感觉，婴儿护理，育儿能力，情绪困扰。结果：经历高产前压力和高养育压力的青少年母亲的母亲适应性较低（即，对做母亲的积极感受较少，婴儿护理较少，育儿能力较低）和产后情绪困扰较高。即使与只经历产前或养育压力的少女母亲相比，这些少女仍然处于更不利的地位。结论：研究结果表明，在怀孕期间和怀孕后经历高压力的青少年有更大的风险，难以产妇调整和高产后情绪困扰。调查结果支持需要针对这一亚组的青少年母亲的保健服务，包括产前和育儿支持。早期干预，以增加产妇的调整和减少情绪困扰，应仍然是一个优先事项，以促进最佳的孕产妇和儿童健康的结果。
Objectives: Identifying adolescents who are at increased risk for a particularly difficult pregnancy and adjustment into parenthood is important, as the physical and psychological development of their infants rest in the well-being of these new mothers. This study aims to examine the effects of prenatal stress and parenting stress and the association with: (1) adolescent maternal adjustment; and (2) postpartum emotional distress. Methods: In a prospective longitudinal cohort study, 154 pregnant adolescents (age 14-19) from 10 public clinics were interviewed four times from the third trimester of pregnancy to 16 months postpartum. Planned comparisons of four stress groups were used to compare mean scores for measures of feelings about motherhood, infant care, parenting competency, and emotional distress. Results: Adolescent mothers who experienced high prenatal stress and high parenting stress had lower maternal adjustment (i.e., fewer positive feelings about motherhood, less infant care, and low parenting competency) and high postpartum emotional distress. Even when compared to adolescent mothers who experienced prenatal or parenting stress only, these adolescents were still at a greater disadvantage. Conclusions: Results suggest that adolescents who experience high stress during and after pregnancy are at increased risk for difficult maternal adjustment and high postpartum emotional distress. Findings support the need for health services targeting this subgroup of adolescent mothers, including both prenatal and parenting support. Early intervention to increase maternal adjustment and decrease emotional distress should remain a priority in facilitating the most optimal maternal and child health outcomes.