The social and psychological characteristics of norm deviants: A field study in a small cohesive university campus
The social and psychological characteristics of norm deviants: A field study in a small cohesive university campus
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规范异常者的社会和心理特征：在小型、有凝聚力的大学校园中进行的实地研究
DOI：
10.31234/osf.io/kn6gj
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
E. Paluck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robin Gomila;E. Paluck
偏离其社会群体既定规范的人可以澄清群体边界，加强群体凝聚力，并催化群体和更广泛的社会变革。然而，社会心理学家最近忽视了对越轨行为的研究。我们对普林斯顿大学的高年级学生进行了深入采访，他们偏离了普林斯顿大学历史上广为人知的规范：加入“饮食俱乐部”，这是一个本科生在大二结束时加入的社交团体。我们探讨了这些采访的主题，在学期中，当学生决定是否加入饮食俱乐部（试点调查，N = 408;和一个随机子样本的试点调查，90%的takeup，N = 212）的两轮调查。调查问：偏离规范的社会和心理前因是什么？数据表明，越轨行为是一种模式：与那些谁符合，学生谁偏离不加入俱乐部报告越轨行为的历史和感觉不同于他们的社会群体的典型成员。他们对普林斯顿及其社会环境的社会归属感和认同感也较低。偏离的学生在自我监控方面较低，但在大五人格测量的人格特质方面，以及他们对社交尴尬，独立或叛逆的自我认知方面，与符合的学生相当。虽然其中一些发现重复了过去的研究，但值得进一步探索的是，以前的越轨经历及其对个人决定是否越轨的意义。
People who deviate from the established norms of their social group can clarify group boundaries, strengthen group cohesion, and catalyze group and broader social change. Yet social psychologists have recently neglected the study of deviants. We conducted in-depth interviews of Princeton University upperclassmen who deviated from a historical and widely known Princeton norm: joining an “eating club,” a social group that undergraduates join at the end of their sophomore year. We explored the themes of these interviews with two rounds of surveys during the semester when students decide whether to join an eating club (pilot survey, N = 408; and a random subsample of the pilot survey with 90% takeup, N = 212). The surveys asked: what are the social and psychological antecedents of deviance from norms? The data suggest that deviance is a pattern: compared to those who conform, students who deviate by not joining clubs report a history of deviance and of feeling different from the typical member of their social group. They also feel less social belonging and identification with Princeton and its social environment. Students who deviate are lower in self-monitoring, but otherwise are comparable to students who conform in terms of personality traits measured by the Big Five, and of their perception of the self as socially awkward, independent, or rebellious. While some of these findings replicate past research, worth further exploration is the role of previous experience with deviance and its meaning for individuals as they decide whether to deviate.