Seasonal changes in daily torpor patterns of free-ranging female and male Daubenton's bats (Myotis daubentonii)
Seasonal changes in daily torpor patterns of free-ranging female and male Daubenton's bats (Myotis daubentonii)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00360-005-0043-x
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kalko, EKV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dietz, M;Kalko, EKV
在环境温度较低和食物短缺的情况下，蝙蝠每天的冬眠可以节省大量的能量和水。然而，它可能会降低胎儿和青少年的发育速度。因此，生殖雌性应该通过减少冬眠时间来优化发育。为了验证这一假设，1998年和1999年对雌性和雄性自由放养的道本顿蝙蝠（Myotis daubentonii）在繁殖期间（妊娠期、哺乳期和哺乳期后）使用冬眠进行了调查。温度敏感的无线电发射器被安装在蝙蝠身上以测量皮肤温度。同时，记录环境温度。尽管雌雄蝙蝠在白天都处于冬眠状态，但雄性蝙蝠在繁殖期间（5月和6月的平均冬眠时间分别为78.4%和43%）比雌性蝙蝠更频繁地处于冬眠状态（比个体活动温度低6摄氏度）。雌性蝙蝠每天都处于冬眠状态，特别是在夏末幼崽断奶时（平均：白天的66.6%）。哺乳期后，雌性蝙蝠的最低皮肤温度为21.0℃。雄性蝙蝠的皮肤温度从冬眠时的16.8摄氏度波动到活动时的37.2摄氏度。生殖周期对雌性皮肤温度有显著影响，而平均环境温度对雌性皮肤温度无显著影响。然而，平均环境温度会影响男性的平均皮肤温度。我们的研究结果表明，雌性道本顿蝙蝠特别采用它们的体温调节行为来优化幼崽的发育。
Daily torpor can provide significant energy and water savings in bats during cold ambient temperatures and food scarcity. However, it may reduce rates of foetal and juvenile development. Therefore, reproductive females should optimize development by minimizing times in torpor. To test this hypothesis, the use of torpor by female and male free-ranging Daubenton's bats (Myotis daubentonii) during reproduction (gestation, lactation, and post-lactation period) was investigated in 1998 and 1999. Temperature-sensitive radio transmitters were attached to the bats to measure skin temperature. Simultaneously, ambient temperature was recorded. While both sexes became torpid during daytime, male bats used daily torpor (> 6 degrees C below individual active temperature) significantly more often during reproductive period (mean: 78.4% of day time in May and 43% in June) than females. Female bats went into daily torpor, particularly in late summer when juveniles were weaned (mean: 66.6% of daytime). Lowest skin temperatures occurred in a female bat with 21.0 degrees C during post-lactation. Skin temperatures of male bats fluctuated from 16.8 degrees C in torpor to 37.2 degrees C during times of activity. There was a significant effect of reproductive period on skin temperature in females whereas mean ambient temperature had no significant effect. However, mean ambient temperature affected mean skin temperatures in males. Our findings indicate that female Daubenton's bats adopt their thermoregulatory behaviour in particular to optimize the juvenile development.