Terahertz and mid-infrared plasmons in three-dimensional nanoporous graphene.
Terahertz and mid-infrared plasmons in three-dimensional nanoporous graphene.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms14885
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发表时间：
2017-03-27
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Lupi S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Apuzzo F;Piacenti AR;Giorgianni F;Autore M;Guidi MC;Marcelli A;Schade U;Ito Y;Chen M;Lupi S
二维（2D）石墨烯由于其电荷密度可调、高电子迁移率、光学透明度和机械灵活性而成为等离子体和光子应用的杰出材料。最近，新的制造工艺已经实现了高质量单层石墨烯的三维（3D）纳米多孔结构，为这种材料提供了第三维度。在这项工作中，我们通过太赫兹和红外光谱研究了纳米多孔石墨烯的光学行为。我们揭示了三维纳米多孔石墨烯中固有的二维狄拉克等离子体的存在，通过可控的掺杂水平和孔隙度，揭示了从太赫兹到中红外的强等离子体吸收。在远场，这些吸收的光谱宽度足够大，可以覆盖大部分中红外指纹区域，只需一个等离子激元激发。纳米多孔结构的表面积增强及其宽带等离子体吸收可以为新型和竞争性的纳米多孔石墨烯等离子体传感器铺平道路。最近，制造工艺已经实现了三维纳米多孔石墨烯。在这里，作者揭示了三维纳米多孔石墨烯中的二维狄拉克等离子体，通过可控的掺杂水平和孔隙度，揭示了从太赫兹到中红外的强等离子体吸收。
Two-dimensional (2D) graphene emerged as an outstanding material for plasmonic and photonic applications due to its charge-density tunability, high electron mobility, optical transparency and mechanical flexibility. Recently, novel fabrication processes have realised a three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous configuration of high-quality monolayer graphene which provides a third dimension to this material. In this work, we investigate the optical behaviour of nanoporous graphene by means of terahertz and infrared spectroscopy. We reveal the presence of intrinsic 2D Dirac plasmons in 3D nanoporous graphene disclosing strong plasmonic absorptions tunable from terahertz to mid-infrared via controllable doping level and porosity. In the far-field the spectral width of these absorptions is large enough to cover most of the mid-Infrared fingerprint region with a single plasmon excitation. The enhanced surface area of nanoporous structures combined with their broad band plasmon absorption could pave the way for novel and competitive nanoporous-graphene based plasmonic-sensors. Recently, fabrication processes have realised three-dimensional nanoporous graphene. Here, the authors reveal two-dimensional Dirac plasmons in three-dimensional nanoporous graphene disclosing strong plasmonic absorptions tunable from terahertz to mid-infrared via controllable doping level and porosity.