Specific impairments in self-regulation in children exposed to alcohol prenatally
Specific impairments in self-regulation in children exposed to alcohol prenatally
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01024.x
复制
发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Handmaker, SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kodituwakku, PW;Handmaker, NS;Handmaker, SD
本研究利用认知理论的概念框架来解释胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）和胎儿酒精效应（FAE）的行为和学习问题的模式。基于现代的解释Luria的理论的自我调节，本研究使用了神经心理测试电池比较10例受试者（平均年龄= 13岁）FAS/FAE与10名对照组受试者（平均年龄= 12岁9个月）。FAS/FAE受试者的功能相对较高，在接受性词汇方面与对照组无显著差异。然而，那些FAS/FAR的人在涉及工作记忆中的信息操纵和目标管理的任务上表现出比对照组更大的困难（例如，计划、受控的口头词汇联想等）。两组人在一些需要规则学习（延迟反应）和反应抑制（去-不-去）的任务上表现同样出色。上述损害被解释为反映了有利于工作记忆的神经网络的选择性而非普遍性中断。
The present study utilizes a conceptual framework derived from theories of cognition to explain the pattern of behavioral and learning problems observed in subjects with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol effects (FAE). Based on a modern interpretation of Luria's theory of self-regulation, this study used a neuropsychological test battery to compare 10 subjects (mean age = 13 years) having FAS/FAE with 10 control subjects (mean age = 12 years and 9 months). Subjects with FAS/FAE were relatively high functioning and did not significantly differ from controls with respect to receptive vocabulary. However, those with FAS/FAR exhibited greater difficulty than controls on tasks that involved the manipulation of information and goal management in working memory (e.g., Planning, Controlled Oral Word Association, etc). Both groups performed equally well on some tasks that demanded rule learning (Delayed Response) and response inhibition (Go-No-Go). The above impairments were interpreted to be reflective of selective rather than generalized disruptions of neural networks that subserve working memory.