Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems
Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems
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DOI：
10.1080/01431161.2016.1252474
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Scott, T. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connor, D.;Martin, P. G.;Scott, T. B.
核能和相关活动从未远离审查，该技术的明显优势与被视为灾难性事件的风险并列。如果发生重大核事故，对任何放射性核素释放的应对管理的一个重要方面将是需要迅速确定这些释放的放射性核素的空间分布和数量、其类型以及相应的活度。从调查中获得的数据将直接为疏散计划、现场事件管理策略以及保护员工和公众免受伤害提供信息。2011年发生在福岛第一核电站的灾难也许是最好的例子，说明了需要真实的时间数据收集来为关键决策提供信息。以前对该事件的审查指出，由于现场静态辐射探测器网络被15米高的海啸摧毁（在东北部9.0级大地震之后），因此无法立即确定该地区的放射性核素活动以及对应对工作人员的危险。这些先前的工作回顾性地突出了无人驾驶航空系统在核和非核环境中提供实时数据的有用性。在福岛第一核电站周围任意设立20公里的隔离区，造成15万多人流离失所，许多人认为这是一种过度反应-许多人没有被要求撤离。本次审查审查和评估以前以及目前的工作，空中辐射监测和未来的改进，可能会提供一个组合的三维（3D）辐射测绘平台。结合详细的三维地形图与辐射测量的方式，整个网站的放射性污染可能会被测量和显示在未来的强大的影响，无论是在放射性释放事件和例行现场监测。
Nuclear power and associated activities are never far from scrutiny, the apparent advantages of the technology are juxtaposed by the risk of incidents perceived as being catastrophic. If a major nuclear incident was to occur, an important aspect of the response management to any radionuclide release would be the need to rapidly establish the spatial distributions and quantities of these released radionuclides, their type in addition to their corresponding activity. The data received from surveys would directly inform evacuation plans, on-site incident management strategies as well as protecting both workforce and public from harm. The disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011 is perhaps the best example of the requirement for real time data collection to inform crucial decisions. Previous reviews of the event have observed that because the static on-site radiation detector network was destroyed by the 15 m high tsunami (following the magnitude 9.0 Great Tohoku earthquake), it was not possible to immediately determine the radionuclide activity in the area and the danger presented to the responding workforce. Such preceding works have retrospectively highlighted the usefulness of unmanned aerial systems in providing real-time data within nuclear and non-nuclear settings. The establishment of an arbitrary 20 km exclusion zone surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant, with the displacement of over 150,000 people, has been viewed by many as an over-reaction - with many not having been required to be evacuated. This review examines and evaluates the previous as well as current work on aerial radiation monitoring and the future improvement that might be delivered by a combined three-dimensional (3D) radiation mapping platform. Combining detailed 3D topographical mapping with radiation surveying has powerful implications for the way that radiological contamination across a site might be measured and displayed in the future, both following radiological release events and in routine site monitoring.