Whether ionizing radiation is a risk factor for schizophrenia spectrum disorders?
Whether ionizing radiation is a risk factor for schizophrenia spectrum disorders?
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DOI：
10.1080/15622970510029876
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Flor-Henry, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loganovsky, KN;Volovik, SV;Flor-Henry, P
精神分裂症的神经素质-应激源假说，即精神分裂症的神经生物学遗传易感性可由环境应激源引起，被认为是暴露于电离辐射影响的一个模型。对电子数据库（MEDLINE、PsycINFO、EMBASE、Current Contents、Elsevier BIOBASE）和手工检索的信息进行分析。在原子弹轰炸、核武器试验、切尔诺贝利事故、放射性废物造成的环境污染、放射治疗以及在天然放射性本底高的地区暴露于电离辐射后，精神分裂症谱系障碍的发病率有所增加。实验放射神经生物学研究的结果支持精神分裂症是一种神经退行性疾病的假设。暴露于电离辐射会导致脑损伤，伴有边缘（皮质-边缘）系统功能障碍和分子水平上的信息处理损伤，这些损伤可在易感个体中引发精神分裂症或导致精神分裂症样疾病。据推测，电离辐射可能是精神分裂症谱系障碍的危险因素。电离辐射是精神分裂症谱系障碍的一个危险因素的假设可以用切尔诺贝利事故后的数据来检验。开展切尔诺贝利事故受害者精神分裂症谱系障碍的研究对临床医学和神经科学都具有重要意义。
The neural diathesis-stressor hypothesis of schizophrenia, where neurobiological genetic predisposition to schizophrenia can be provoked by environmental stressors is considered as a model of the effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. Analysis of information from electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Current Contents, Elsevier BIOBASE) and hand-made search was carried out. There are comparable reports on increases in schizophrenia spectrum disorders following exposure to ionizing radiation as a result of atomic bombing, nuclear weapons testing, the Chernobyl accident, environmental contamination by radioactive waste, radiotherapy, and also in areas with high natural radioactive background. The results of experimental radioneurobiological studies support the hypothesis of schizophrenia as a neurodegenerative disease. Exposure to ionizing radiation causes brain damage with limbic (cortical-limbic) system dysfunction and impairment of informative processes at the molecular level that can trigger schizophrenia in predisposed individuals or cause schizophrenia-like disorders. It is supposed that ionizing radiation can be proposed as a risk factor for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The hypothesis that ionizing radiation is a risk factor for schizophrenia spectrum disorders can be tested using data from the Chernobyl accident aftermath. Implementation of a study on schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Chernobyl accident victims is of significance for both clinical medicine and neuroscience.