Defining, measuring, and enhancing resilience for small groups
Defining, measuring, and enhancing resilience for small groups
复制标题
定义、衡量和增强小团体的复原力
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssci.2019.07.042
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
I. Linkov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Valerie Zemba;Emily M. Wells;Matthew D. Wood;Benjamin D. Trump;Bridget Boyle;Shala N. Blue;Colanda R Cato;I. Linkov
人们日益认识到，复原力是改善个人和社区功能和绩效的一个因素；然而，在较小的小组或团队中，这一点没有得到充分的研究。我们进行了全面的文献回顾，以检查弹性是如何定义、测量和在小团队中使用的。此外，我们评估了培训或干预团队对提高单位弹性和绩效的有效性。在文献综述之后，对37篇文章中的74项措施进行了评估。研究资格标准包括1980年至2017年期间的英语出版物，其中包括有关军事或民间团体对不良事件的弹性的研究试验或调查的结果。对单位/团队的弹性进行了NAS定义的四个弹性阶段的评估：准备、吸收、恢复、适应。我们的回顾发现，虽然弹性的概念并不经常在小群体中进行实证研究，但现有研究的重点是恢复，而对吸收和适应的关注有限。本研究揭示了通过单位弹性训练和提高单位凝聚力来提高团队/单位绩效的潜在机制。训练对单位弹性的准备阶段（r= 0.03,k = 5）和恢复阶段（r= 0.05,k = 6）有较小但显著的影响。为了提高小团体的复原力，培训计划和其他干预措施必须适当地关注与任务执行相关的复原力的基本阶段。
Resilience is increasingly recognized as a factor that improves the functioning and performance of individuals and communities; however, it is underexamined in smaller groups or teams. We performed a comprehensive literature review to examine how resilience is defined, measured and used in small teams. Additionally, we evaluated the effectiveness of trainings or interventions on teams towards increasing unit resilience and performance. Following a literature review, 74 measures across 37 articles were assessed. Study eligibility criteria include English-language publications between 1980 and 2017 that included output from a research trial or survey on military or civilian groups pertaining to their resiliency to adverse events. Resilience of units/teams was assessed across the four phases of resilience defined by NAS: prepare, absorb, recover, adapt. Our review found that while the concept of resilience is not often studied in small groups empirically, the focus of available studies is on recovery with limited attention given to absorption and adaptation. This work reveals a potential mechanism to improve team/unit performance via unit resilience training and improved unit cohesion. Training had small but significant effects on the preparation (r= 0.03, k = 5) and recover (r= 0.05, k = 6) phases of unit resilience. In order to improve resilience in small groups, training programs and other interventions must be appropriately focused on the essential phases of resilience associated with mission execution.
单位内关系质量调节退伍军人的军事性创伤和创伤后应激症状之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1037/tra0000118
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy
影响因子：
--
作者：
Laws,Holly;Mazure,CarolynM;McKee,SherryA;Park,CrystalL;Hoff,Rani
通讯作者：
Hoff,Rani