Airway Evaluation with Multidetector Computed Tomography Post-Processing Methods in Asthmatic Patients
Airway Evaluation with Multidetector Computed Tomography Post-Processing Methods in Asthmatic Patients
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DOI：
10.1007/5584_2016_23
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zaleska-Dorobisz, Urszula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patyk, Mateusz;Obojski, Andrzej;Zaleska-Dorobisz, Urszula
哮喘是一种慢性炎症性阻塞性气道疾病。这种疾病与年龄无关，表现为咳嗽、呼吸困难和胸闷。哮喘的病理生理学很复杂，目前尚未完全了解。有必要找到有关支气管树各部分在哮喘中的作用的答案，特别是小细支气管的作用。随着新一代多排计算机断层扫描 (MDCT) 和先进后处理方法的发展，可以获得更详细的图像并深入了解哮喘的更多方面。 MDCT后处理方法可分为二维（2D）和三维（3D）。在 2D 投影中，可视化的低密度区域对应于气道流量限制。使用更先进的方法，例如多平面重建 (MPR)，可以创建不同平面（轴向、冠状或矢状）的图像。在MPR技术中，只能从数据集中提取在预定平面中彼此相邻的体素。使用最小/最大强度投影和阴影表面显示，可以提取感兴趣的体积 (VOI)。高分辨率 CT 扫描可用于创建更先进的成像工具 - 虚拟支气管镜检查 (VB)。使用 VB 可以使第 5-8 代支气管的闭塞区域可视化。具有先进后处理方法的MDCT可能在哮喘的鉴别诊断中发挥重要作用，特别是当诊断可疑或由于伴有其他肺部疾病而难以确定时。
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory obstructive airways disease. The disease occurs regardless of age and manifests with cough, attacks of breathlessness, and tightness in the chest. The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and still not fully understood. It is essential to find answers concerning the role of each part of the bronchial tree in asthma, especially the role of small bronchioles. With the development of newer generations of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and advanced post-processing methods it is possible to obtain more detailed images and gain insight into further aspects of asthma. MDCT post-processing methods can be divided into two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D). In 2D projections, visualized hypodense regions correspond to the airway flow limitations. With the more advanced methods, such as multi planar reconstructions (MPR), images in different planes (axial, coronal, or sagittal) can be created. In the MPR technique only the voxels which are adjacent to each other in the predetermined plane can be extracted from the data set. Using the minimal/maximal intensity projections and shaded surface display, the volume of interest (VOI) can be extracted. High resolution CT scans can be used to create a more advanced imaging tool -the virtual bronchoscopy (VB). Using the VB makes it possible to visualize regions of obturation in the bronchi of up to the 5-8th generation. The MDCT with advanced post-processing methods is likely to assume an important role in the differential diagnosis of asthma, particularly when the diagnosis is dubious or hard to settle due to accompanying other lung diseases.