Species dynamics and colonization patterns in an abandoned forest in an urban landscape
Species dynamics and colonization patterns in an abandoned forest in an urban landscape
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-1703.1999.00289.x
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Ohsawa, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhuju, DR;Ohsawa, M
本文描述了日本中部一座废弃城市森林的物种动态。城市人工林的优势种为柳杉（Cryptomeria japonica）和薄柏（Chamaecyparis obtusa）。林冠的8个斑块是由以前的森林管理实践产生的。本文研究了这8个斑块内物种的渐进和倒退动态。本研究阐明了斑块性在城市森林物种定植和物种多样性维持中的决定性作用。在3.2公顷的研究范围内共记录到139种本地和/或归化物种，包括23种灌木和35种乔木。不同物种的演替属性不同，表明冠层的影响是有选择性的。20%的树种是在选择性砍伐下重新建立起来的不耐阴先驱者（如山茱萸、爪哇树、刺梨）。30%为耐阴顶极物种（如新石绢科、柏树）在残余封闭斑块中占优势。其余50%属于不同类型，大部分斑块中有侵略性的落叶种（如Aphananthe aspera， Celtis sinensis）。一些粗糙的草本物种占主导地位，受到严重干扰的空旷斑块。该研究表明，冠层的改变影响了随后的定植模式。此外，异质性斑块有助于提高孤立林地的物种多样性和动态。
Species dynamics in an abandoned urban forest of Central Japan is described in this paper. The dominant species in the urban plantation were Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa. A variety of eight patches of the canopy was produced by previous forest management practices. Progressive and retrogressive species dynamics within these eight patches are investigated in this paper. The study elucidates the deterministic role of patchiness in the nature of species colonization and the maintenance of species diversity in an urban forest. Altogether 139 native and/or naturalized species, including 23 shrub and 35 tree species, were recorded in the study area of 3.2 ha. The performance of species varied according to their successional attributes indicating a selective canopy influence. Twenty percent of the tree species were shade-intolerant pioneers (e.g. Cornus spp., Rhus javanica var, roxburghii) re-established under selective tree-felling. Thirty percent were shade-tolerant climax species (e.g. Neolitsea sericea, Persea thunbergii) dominant in remnant closed patches. The remaining 50% belonged to various seral types with aggressive deciduous species (e.g. Aphananthe aspera, Celtis sinensis) in most of the patches. Some ruderal herbaceous species dominated heavily disturbed clear-felled patches. This study suggests that canopy modification influences the subsequent colonization pattern. Furthermore, heterogeneous patches contribute to greater species diversity and dynamics in isolated woodlands.