Grain yield, and dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and remobilization in durum wheat as affected by variety and seeding rate
Grain yield, and dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and remobilization in durum wheat as affected by variety and seeding rate
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eja.2006.06.009
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mariotti, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arduini, I.;Masoni, A.;Mariotti, M.
以硬粒小麦（Triticum durum Desf.）品种Creso、Simeto和Svevo在田间以200、250和400粒/m ~（-2）三种播种量栽培。品种×播种量互作对所有记录的性状均不显著。产量下降的顺序为Svevo > Simeto > Creso。产量差异主要取决于单位面积粒数的不同，其次是平均粒重。穗组分不同品种之间：Svevo和Simeto显示更多的每小穗粒和Creso更多的小穗每穗。籽粒产量以400粒/m ~（-2）最高，主要是由于单位面积穗数较多，其次是平均粒重较高。抽穗后干物质积累以Svevo最高，Creso最低，但品种间干物质再利用率和干物质再利用率对产量的贡献顺序相反。播量的增加促进了抽穗后干物质的积累和干物质向籽粒的转移。Simeto和Svevo的全株吸氮量和籽粒含氮量高于Creso。籽粒中的氮素浓度在品种间无显著差异，但Svevo成熟期的氮素浓度和茎秆中的氮素含量显著低于对照，这可能与该品种氮素的高效运转有关。400粒/m ~（-2）时，作物吸氮量最高，但茎、叶、籽粒中氮浓度略低于低粒/m ~（-2）时。抽穗后N积累量在Simeto和Svevo远高于Creso，而再动员量在Svevo最高，在Simeto最低。氮素再利用对籽粒氮素的贡献率在Creso中远远高于其他两个品种。抽穗后氮素积累和氮素再利用率随密度的增加而增加，但氮素再利用率对籽粒含氮量的贡献在不同播量间无显著差异。(c)2006 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The influence of crop density on the remobilization of dry matter and nitrogen from vegetative plant parts to the developing grain, was investigated in the durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties Creso, Simeto and Svevo cultivated in the field at three seeding rates, 200,250 and 400 seeds m(-2). Variety x seeding rate interaction was unsignificant for all recorded characters. Grain yield declined in the order Svevo > Simeto > Creso. Yield differences mainly depended on the different number of kernels per unit land and, secondly, on mean kernel weight. Spike components differed among varieties: Svevo and Simeto showed more kernels per spikelet and Creso more spikelets per spike. Grain yield was highest with 400 seeds m(-2) primarily due to the higher number of spikes per unit area, and secondly, to the higher mean kernel weight. Post-heading dry matter accumulation was highest in Svevo and lowest in Creso, but varieties showed a reverse order for dry matter remobilization and contribution of dry matter remobilization to grain yield. The increase of seeding rate increased both the post-heading dry matter accumulation and the dry matter remobilization from vegetative plant parts to grain. Nitrogen uptake of the whole crop and N content of grain was higher in Simeto and Svevo than in Creso. The N concentration of grain did not vary among varieties, but Svevo showed a markedly lower N concentration and N content of culms at maturity, which may be consequence of the high N remobilization efficiency performed by this variety. The N uptake by the crop was highest with 400 seeds m-2, but the N concentration of culms, leaves and even grain was slightly lower than with the lower seed rates. The post-heading N accumulation was by far higher in Simeto and Svevo than in Creso, whereas remobilization was highest in Svevo and lowest in Simeto. The percentage contribution of N remobilization to grain N was by far higher in Creso than in the other two varieties. Post-heading N accumulation and N remobilization were highest with the highest plant density, but the contribution of N remobilization to N grain content did not differ between seeding rates. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.