Graded Encoding of Food Odor Value in the Drosophila Brain
Graded Encoding of Food Odor Value in the Drosophila Brain
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2605-13.2013
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发表时间：
2013-10-02
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Zhong, Yi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beshel, Jennifer;Zhong, Yi
气味是非常令人回味的，但气味如何以及在大脑中的何处产生意义仍然是未知的。我们对果蝇大脑的分析扩展了少数饥饿感测神经元的作用，包括食物气味值表示。在体内双光子钙成像显示，在表达果蝇神经肽F（dNPF），神经肽Y同源物的神经元中，食物气味诱发的活动的幅度与食物气味的吸引力密切相关。饥饿只会提高对食物气味的神经和行为反应，尽管在进食状态下引起吸引力的食物气味也会引起进食果蝇的dNPF活性升高。表达dNPF的神经元子集的失活或dNPF受体的沉默会消除食物气味的吸引力，而基因增强的dNPF活性不仅会增加食物气味的吸引力，还会促进对厌恶气味的吸引力。改变呈现的气味的量产生匹配的分级神经和行为曲线，其可以起到预测气味之间的偏好的作用。因此，我们证明了一种可能的动机缩放神经“价值信号”，可以从独特的可识别细胞中获得。
Odors are highly evocative, yet how and where in the brain odors derive meaning remains unknown. Our analysis of the Drosophila brain extends the role of a small number of hunger-sensing neurons to include food-odor value representation. In vivo two-photon calcium imaging shows the amplitude of food odor-evoked activity in neurons expressing Drosophila neuropeptide F (dNPF), the neuropeptide Y homolog, strongly correlates with food-odor attractiveness. Hunger elevates neural and behavioral responses to food odors only, although food odors that elicit attraction in the fed state also evoke heightened dNPF activity in fed flies. Inactivation of a subset of dNPF-expressing neurons or silencing dNPF receptors abolishes food-odor attractiveness, whereas genetically enhanced dNPF activity not only increases food-odor attractiveness but promotes attraction to aversive odors. Varying the amount of presented odor produces matching graded neural and behavioral curves, which can function to predict preference between odors. We thus demonstrate a possible motivationally scaled neural "value signal" accessible from uniquely identifiable cells.