The eye as a complement dysregulation hotspot.

The eye as a complement dysregulation hotspot.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00281-017-0649-6
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发表时间:
2018-01
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
Bishop PN
Bishop PN
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clark SJ;Bishop PN

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补体周转在人体内受到严格的调节,以防止过度激活和随后的炎症损伤。在眼睛中,维持低水平的补体激活,以提供免疫耐受在这个免疫特权器官。相反,角膜中的补体系统被抑制,以保护它免受持续的免疫攻击。补体级联的过度激活与青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变的疾病进展有关,现已被认为是老年性黄斑变性(AMD)发病的核心驱动因素。事实上,最新和最令人兴奋的工作是与AMD合作,以补体为基础的疗法进入临床试验。然而,这些试验的成功将取决于将治疗药物输送到眼睛内正确的解剖位置,因此需要充分了解补体调节在眼睛中是如何划分的,这一主题将在本综述中得到强调。
Complement turnover is tightly regulated throughout the human body in order to prevent over-activation and subsequent damage from inflammation. In the eye, low-level complement activation is maintained to provide immune tolerance in this immune privileged organ. Conversely, the complement system is suppressed in the cornea to protect it from continuous immunological insult. Over-activation of the complement cascade has been implicated in the disease progression of glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy and is now known to be a central driver in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Indeed, it is with AMD where the most recent and exciting work has been carried out with complement-based therapies entering into clinical trials. However, the success of these trials will depend upon delivering the therapeutics to the correct anatomical sites within the eye, so a full understanding of how complement regulation is compartmentalized in the eye is required, a topic that will be highlighted in this review.
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