Hearing Loss and Cognition Among Older Adults in the United States
Hearing Loss and Cognition Among Older Adults in the United States
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glr115
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Lin, Frank R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, Frank R.
背景调查听力损失和认知功能之间的关系，在一个全国性的代表性样本的老年人。我们分析了1999年至2002年国家健康和营养检查调查周期的数据，在此期间，60-69岁的参与者（n = 605）接受了听力和认知测试。听力损失的定义是听力较好的耳朵在0.5、1、2和4 kHz的纯音听阈平均值。认知测试包括数字符号替代测试（DSST），这是一种评估执行功能和心理加工的非语言测试。从访谈中获得有关助听器使用、人口统计学和病史的数据。回归模型用于检查听力损失和认知之间的关联，同时调整混杂因素。分析纳入抽样权重，以产生可推广到美国的结果。S. population.Results.在调整人口统计学因素和病史后，听力损失越大，DSST评分越低（DSST评分差异为-1.5 [95%置信区间：-2.9至-0.23]/10 dB听力损失）。助听器使用与认知功能呈正相关（DSST评分差异为7.4 [95%置信区间：-0.62至15.4]）。与25 dB听力损失相关的认知能力降低相当于与7岁年龄差异相关的降低。听力损失与DSST评分较低独立相关。需要进一步的研究来确定听力损失是一个可改变的风险因素还是认知能力下降的早期标志。
Background. To investigate the association between hearing loss and cognitive function in a nationally representative sample of older adults.Methods. We analyzed data from the 1999 to 2002 cycles of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey during which participants aged 60-69 years (n = 605) underwent both audiometric and cognitive testing. Hearing loss was defined by a pure tone average of hearing thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz in the better hearing ear. Cognitive testing consisted of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), a nonverbal test that assesses executive function and psychomotor processing. Data on hearing aid use, demographics, and medical history were obtained from interviews. Regression models were used to examine the association between hearing loss and cognition while adjusting for confounders. Analyses incorporated sampling weights to yield results that are generalizable to the U. S. population.Results. Greater hearing loss was significantly associated with lower scores on the DSST after adjustment for demographic factors and medical history (DSST score difference of -1.5 [95% confidence interval: -2.9 to -0.23] per 10 dB of hearing loss). Hearing aid use was positively associated with cognitive functioning (DSST score difference of 7.4 [95% confidence interval: -0.62 to 15.4]). The reduction in cognitive performance associated with a 25 dB hearing loss was equivalent to the reduction associated with an age difference of 7 years.Conclusions. Hearing loss is independently associated with lower scores on the DSST. Further research is needed to determine whether hearing loss is a modifiable risk factor or an early marker of cognitive decline.