The encoding of auditory objects in auditory cortex: insights from magnetoencephalography.
The encoding of auditory objects in auditory cortex: insights from magnetoencephalography.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.05.005
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Simon, Jonathan Z.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simon, Jonathan Z.
听觉对象，就像它们的视觉对象一样，是感知定义的结构，但仍然必须来自潜在的神经回路。使用脑磁图(MEG)记录的人类受试者在听复杂听觉场景时的神经反应，我们回顾了证明听觉对象确实在听觉皮质中神经表现的研究。这些研究使用了从不同实验中获得的神经反应，在不同的实验中，受试者选择性地收听嵌入各种听觉场景的两个相互竞争的听觉流中的一个。听觉流在空间上重叠，并且通常在频谱上重叠。特别是，研究表明，选择性注意获得并不是在整个听觉场景中整体作用，而是在不同的听觉流上不同地作用。这种基于流的注意增益随后被用作工具来单独分析相互竞争的听觉流的不同神经表示。参与流的神经表征位于后听皮层，支配神经反应。关键的是，当出席的流和背景流的强度在很大的强度范围内分别变化时，出席的语音的神经表示仅适应于该说话人的强度，而与背景说话人的强度无关。这说明除了上述对象级别的选择性注意增益之外，还可以控制对象级别的强度增益。总体而言，这些结果表明，同时流传输的听觉对象，即使在频谱上重叠且在听觉外围无法分辨，也是作为单独的对象在听觉皮质中单独进行神经编码的。
Auditory objects, like their visual counterparts, are perceptually defined constructs, but nevertheless must arise from underlying neural circuitry. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of the neural responses of human subjects listening to complex auditory scenes, we review studies that demonstrate that auditory objects are indeed neurally represented in auditory cortex. The studies use neural responses obtained from different experiments in which subjects selectively listen to one of two competing auditory streams embedded in a variety of auditory scenes. The auditory streams overlap spatially and often spectrally. In particular, the studies demonstrate that selective attentional gain does not act globally on the entire auditory scene, but rather acts differentially on the separate auditory streams. This stream-based attentional gain is then used as a tool to individually analyze the different neural representations of the competing auditory streams. The neural representation of the attended stream, located in posterior auditory cortex, dominates the neural responses. Critically, when the intensities of the attended and background streams are separately varied over a wide intensity range, the neural representation of the attended speech adapts only to the intensity of that speaker, irrespective of the intensity of the background speaker. This demonstrates object-level intensity gain control in addition to the above object-level selective attentional gain. Overall, these results indicate that concurrently streaming auditory objects, even if spectrally overlapping and not resolvable at the auditory periphery, are individually neurally encoded in auditory cortex, as separate objects.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5297-12.2013
发表时间：
2013-03-27
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ding N;Simon JZ
通讯作者：
Simon JZ
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Chait, M;Simon, JZ;Poeppel, D
通讯作者：
Poeppel, D
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Lee AK;Rajaram S;Xia J;Bharadwaj H;Larson E;Hämäläinen MS;Shinn-Cunningham BG
通讯作者：
Shinn-Cunningham BG
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Poeppel, D
通讯作者：
Poeppel, D
影响因子：
3
作者：
de Cheveigne, Alain;Simon, Jonathan Z.
通讯作者：
Simon, Jonathan Z.