Demyelination and Schwann cell responses adjacent to injury epicenter cavities following chronic human spinal cord injury
Demyelination and Schwann cell responses adjacent to injury epicenter cavities following chronic human spinal cord injury
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DOI：
10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.11.033
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Bunge, RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guest, JD;Hiester, ED;Bunge, RP
人类脊髓中创伤后脱髓鞘和髓鞘修复的自然史在很大程度上是未知的，并且仍然是推测的问题。大量的实验研究表明，哺乳动物脊髓的轻度至中度挫伤会演变成一个具有保留的白色物质边缘的空腔，其中存在一群节段性脱髓鞘轴突。据信，这种损伤的轴突具有异常的传导特性。从理论上讲，如果髓鞘修复发生，这些轴突可能会显示出改善的功能。雪旺细胞可以使受多发性硬化症影响的轴突再生髓鞘，但很少有证据表明这种修复可以在创伤性SCI后自发发生。因此，重要的是要确定是否存在慢性脱髓鞘人类脊髓损伤。目前尚无文献报道利用免疫组化技术明确证实创伤性脊髓损伤后脊髓脱髓鞘。应用免疫组织化学方法对13例死后1-22年的慢性脊髓损伤标本进行了外周和中央髓鞘蛋白以及轴索神经丝在损伤中心的分布研究。其中七个可以通过我们的方法进行评估。我们发现，即使在人类SCI后十年，也可以检测到一些轴突脱髓鞘，并且间接证据表明入侵的雪旺细胞有助于一些脊髓轴突周围髓鞘的恢复。(c)2004年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The natural history of post-traumatic demyelination and myelin repair in the human spinal cord is largely unknown and has remained a matter of speculation. A wealth of experimental studies indicate that mild to moderate contusive injuries to the mammalian spinal cord evolve into a cavity with a preserved rim of white matter in which a population of segmentally demyelinated axons persists. It is believed that such injured axons have abnormal conduction properties. Theoretically, such axons might show improved function if myelin repair occurred. Schwann cells can remyelinate axons affected by multiple sclerosis, but little evidence exists that such repair can occur spontaneously following traumatic human SCI. Therefore, it is important to determine if chronic demyelination is present following human spinal cord injury. There are no previous reports that have conclusively demonstrated demyelination in the human spinal cord following traumatic spinal cord injury using immunohistochemical techniques. Immunohistochemical methods were used to study the distribution of peripheral and central myelin proteins as well as axonal neurofilament at the injury epicenter in 13 postmortem chronically injured human spinal cords 1-22 years following injury. Of these seven could be assessed by our methods. We found that some axonal demyelination can be detected even a decade following human SCI and indirect evidence that invading Schwann cells contributed to restoration of myelin sheaths around some spinal axons. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.