INTERMUSCULAR COORDINATION IN A SPRINT PUSH-OFF
INTERMUSCULAR COORDINATION IN A SPRINT PUSH-OFF
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DOI：
10.1016/0021-9290(92)90031-u
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发表时间：
1992-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
SCHENAU, GJV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JACOBS, R;SCHENAU, GJV
本研究旨在探讨短跑运动中肌肉间协调的模式。在先前的研究中发现，尽管运动控制存在不确定性问题，但垂直跳跃，速度滑冰和骑自行车等运动是以刻板的方式进行的。据推测，这可能是由于与关节旋转转换为所需平移相关的限制。本研究的目的是确定在何种程度上的肌肉间协调模式在其他动作也进行了刻板的方式，如果这是真的，这是否可以理解的基础上，这样的约束。7名优秀短跑运动员被指示执行一个爆炸性的短跑冲刺。地面反作用力和电影数据记录的第二个立场阶段的短跑-同时，肌电图活动的9条腿肌肉遥测记录。利用连结节段模型计算出净关节力矩与净关节功率，结果显示不同运动员的短跑动作呈现固定模式。肌肉协调模式的特点是由近端到远端序列的时间单关节肌肉。当与跳跃中发现的顺序模式相比时，双关节腿筋和股直肌的行为不同;在短跑中，这些肌肉之间存在更明显的相互活动。由此产生的运动模式的特点是由一个序列的大腿伸展和跖flexion.The观察序列的肌肉激活模式的时间，旨在解决与早期确定的几何和解剖约束的问题。然而，不能根据这些限制因素充分理解协调模式。一个特定的约束被确定相对于地面反作用力的方向，这解释了显着的相互活动的双关节腘绳肌和股直肌在sprint.The肌肉间的协调模式可以被看作是一个折衷的具体要求之间的短跑和一个proximo到远端序列的有利影响，如以前发现的跳跃。
This study was designed to investigate the patterns of intermuscular coordination during a sprinting event. In previous research it was found that despite the indeterminacy problem of movement control, movements like vertical jumping, speed skating and cycling are performed in a stereotyped manner. It was hypothesized that this might be due to constraints associated with the transformation of joint rotations into the desired translation. The objective of the present study was to determine the extent to which the intermuscular coordination patterns during other movements also are performed in a stereotyped manner and, if that is true, whether this can be understood on the basis of such constraints.Seven elite sprint runners were instructed to execute an explosive sprinting dash. Ground reaction forces and cinematographic data were recorded for the second stance phase of the sprint- Simultaneously, electromyographic activity of nine leg muscles was recorded telemetrically. Linked-segment modeling was used to obtain net joint moments and net joint powers.Different athletes appeared to perform the sprint in a stereotyped manner. The muscle coordination pattern is characterized by a proximo to distal sequence in timing of the monoarticular muscles. When compared to the sequential pattern found in jumping, the biarticular hamstrings and rectus femoris muscles behave differently; in the sprint a more pronounced reciprocal activity between these muscles exists. The resulting movement pattern is characterized by a sequence of upper leg extension and plantar flexion.The observed sequence in timing of muscle activation patterns is aimed at solving the problems associated with the earlier identified geometrical and anatomical constraint. However, the coordination pattern cannot be fully understood on the basis of these constraints. A specific constraint is identified with respect to the direction of the ground reaction force, which explains the pronounced reciprocal activity of the biarticular hamstring and rectus femoris muscles.The intermuscular coordination pattern in the sprint can be seen as a compromise between the specific requirement of the sprint and the advantageous effect of a proximo to distal sequence as found previously for jumping.