Osteology and neuroanatomy of a phasianid (Aves: Galliformes) from the Miocene of Nebraska
Osteology and neuroanatomy of a phasianid (Aves: Galliformes) from the Miocene of Nebraska
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DOI：
10.1017/jpa.2022.80
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发表时间：
2022-10-19
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Balanoff，Amy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ksepka，Daniel T.;Early，Catherine M.;Balanoff，Amy M.
松鸡科（Tetraoninae）和火鸡科（Meleagridinae）是现代北美鸟类的显著代表。在历史上，这些进化枝的前更新世化石记录仅限于碎片遗骸，在某些情况下，这导致了混乱，而不是提高我们对这些魅力十足的陆禽是如何进化的理解。我们报告了一个保存完好的部分骨架，代表了一个来自内布拉斯加州Ash Hollow地层的晚中新世phasianid新种。Centuriavis lioae n. gen. n. sp.是一种体型接近现代鼠尾草的相生物种，在松鸡和火鸡分裂之前就已经分化了，因此可以深入了解这种辐射的早期历史。颅内腔与其他北美齿形动物相似，不同于齿状动物，表现出强烈的突出的鞘，周围有明确的小静脉。系统发育分析表明，百尾雉与四尾雉、Meleagridinae和Pucrasia macrolopha （Koklass雉）形成一个分支。新的化石物种为这些现存的分类群与其他Galliformes的分化提供了一个晚中新世的最小校准，并支持了一个谱系从亚洲到北美的单一分散，后来产生了松鸡和火鸡的假设。UUID: https://zoobank.org/34ecda2f f2f2 - 4 - c92 a82f - 292 e23cf2da1
Tetraoninae (grouse) and Meleagridinae (turkeys) are conspicuous representatives of the modern North American avifauna. The pre-Pleistocene fossil record of these clades has historically been limited to fragmentary remains, in some cases contributing to confusion rather than improving our understanding of how these charismatic landfowl evolved. We report an exquisitely preserved partial skeleton representing a new species of Late Miocene phasianid from the Ash Hollow Formation of Nebraska. Centuriavis lioae n. gen. n. sp. is a phasianid species close in size to modern sage-grouse that diverged prior to the grouse-turkey split, and thus offers insight into the early history of this radiation. The cranial endocast resembles other North American phasianids and differs from odontophorids in exhibiting a strongly projected Wulst bordered by a well-defined vallecula. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Centuriavis lioae forms a clade with Tetraoninae, Meleagridinae, and Pucrasia macrolopha (Koklass pheasant). The new fossil species provides a Late Miocene minimum calibration for the divergence of these extant taxa from other Galliformes and supports the hypothesis of a single dispersal from Asia to North America by a lineage that later gave rise to grouse and turkeys. UUID: https://zoobank.org/34ecda2f-f2f2-4c92-a82f-292e23cf2da1