Foraging Value, Risk Avoidance, and Multiple Control Signals: How the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Controls Value-based Decision-making
Foraging Value, Risk Avoidance, and Multiple Control Signals: How the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Controls Value-based Decision-making
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01140
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Alexander, William H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Joshua W.;Alexander, William H.
最近的工作对ACC在认知中的作用集中在选择困难，行动价值，风险规避，冲突解决，以及在其他因素中施加控制的价值。一个主要的潜在问题是ACC的输出信号是什么，以及相关的，它们对下游认知过程的影响是什么？在这里，我们提出了一个模型，ACC如何影响其他大脑区域的认知处理，选择行动。该模型建立在较早的预测响应结果模型，并建议ACC学习代表具体的国家，其中的潜在成本或风险的行动是高的，在短期和长期的时间尺度。然后，它使用这些成本信号作为基础，以偏置决策，以最大限度地减少损失，同时最大限度地提高收益。该模型模拟了主动和被动控制信号，并解释了各种基于价值的决策的实证研究结果。
Recent work on the role of the ACC in cognition has focused on choice difficulty, action value, risk avoidance, conflict resolution, and the value of exerting control among other factors. A main underlying question is what are the output signals of ACC, and relatedly, what is their effect on downstream cognitive processes? Here we propose a model of how ACC influences cognitive processing in other brain regions that choose actions. The model builds on the earlier Predicted Response Outcome model and suggests that ACC learns to represent specifically the states in which the potential costs or risks of an action are high, on both short and long timescales. It then uses those cost signals as a basis to bias decisions to minimize losses while maximizing gains. The model simulates both proactive and reactive control signals and accounts for a variety of empirical findings regarding value-based decision-making.