Social context and culture influence judgments of non-Duchenne smiles
Social context and culture influence judgments of non-Duchenne smiles
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DOI：
10.1007/s41809-020-00066-1
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Krumhuber, Eva G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Namba, Shushi;Rychlowska, Magdalena;Krumhuber, Eva G.
现有的证据指向的作用，上下文信息和相关的跨文化差异的情绪感知，但迄今为止，大多数的工作都集中在基本情绪的判断。目前的研究探讨了文化和情境背景如何影响对情绪表现的解释，即对模糊微笑传达幸福与礼貌意图的程度的判断。我们假设，与暗示幸福的背景相关的微笑将被判断为传达更积极的感觉，而不是与暗示礼貌的背景或没有背景的微笑配对。根据现有的研究跨文化的变化，在上下文的影响，我们还预计这些影响在日本比在英国更大。在第一项研究中，英国的参与者看到了非杜兴式的微笑，这些微笑是他们自己表现出来的，或者是与暗示幸福或需要礼貌的背景场景搭配在一起的。与只看脸的刺激相比，快乐的环境使微笑显得更真诚，而礼貌的环境使微笑显得不那么真诚。研究2重复了这一结果，使用口头小插曲，显示了类似的模式，英国和日本的参与者之间的上下文效果。然而，虽然描述快乐情景的小插曲在两种文化中的影响是相当的，但描述礼貌情景的小插曲在日本的影响比英国更强。总之，研究结果证明了上下文信息在判断微笑表情中的重要性，并强调了研究文化如何调节这种影响的必要性。
Extant evidence points toward the role of contextual information and related cross-cultural variations in emotion perception, but most of the work to date has focused on judgments of basic emotions. The current research examines how culture and situational context affect the interpretation of emotion displays, i.e. judgments of the extent to which ambiguous smiles communicate happiness versus polite intentions. We hypothesized that smiles associated with contexts implying happiness would be judged as conveying more positive feelings compared to smiles paired with contexts implying politeness or smiles presented without context. In line with existing research on cross-cultural variation in contextual influences, we also expected these effects to be larger in Japan than in the UK. In Study 1, British participants viewed non-Duchenne smiles presented on their own or paired with background scenes implying happiness or the need to be polite. Compared to face-only stimuli, happy contexts made smiles appear more genuine, whereas polite contexts led smiles to be seen as less genuine. Study 2 replicated this result using verbal vignettes, showing a similar pattern of contextual effects among British and Japanese participants. However, while the effects of vignettes describing happy situations was comparable in both cultures, the influence of vignettes describing polite situations was stronger in Japan than the UK. Together, the findings document the importance of context information in judging smile expressions and highlight the need to investigate how culture moderates such influences.