Reflection Positivity and Phase Transitions in Lattice Spin Models

Reflection Positivity and Phase Transitions in Lattice Spin Models
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晶格自旋模型中的反射正性和相变

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-540-92796-9
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
arXiv: Mathematical Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Bovier
A. Bovier
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Bovier

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相变是平衡统计力学中最引人入胜,也是最令人困惑的现象之一。在物理学方面,许多解释或证明相变的近似方法是已知的,但完全的数学理解只在极少数最简单的情况下可用。一组易处理的系统由所谓的晶格自旋模型组成。最初,这些模型是固体物理中晶体材料模型的简化版本(有些更现实),但它们的多功能性使它们在许多其他对复杂系统感兴趣的学科中独树一帜。本组笔记描述了一种成功的数学方法,它基于反射正性技术来研究晶格自旋模型中的相变。这项技术是在20世纪70年代末由F.Dyson,J.Fr?ohlich,R.伊斯雷尔,E.Lieb,B.Simon和T.Spencer的开创性工作发展起来的,他们使用它来建立一系列物理上有趣的经典和量子晶格自旋模型的相变;最值得注意的是,经典的海森堡铁磁和量子XY模型和海森堡反铁磁体。其他强大的技术--例如,Pirogov-Sinai理论、蕾丝展开或场论中的多尺度分析--目前可以在相关上下文中服务于类似的目的,但我们将把它们的审查留给这些领域的专家
Phase transitions are one of the most fascinating, and also most perplexing, phenomena in equilibrium statistical mechanics. On the physics side, many approximate methods to explain or otherwise justify phase transitions are known but a complete mathematical understanding is available only in a handful of simplest of all cases. One set of tractable systems consists of the so called lattice spin models. Originally, these came to existence as simplified versions of (somewhat more realistic) models of crystalline materials in solid state physics but their versatile nature earned them a life of their own in many other disciplines where complex systems are of interest.The present set of notes describes one successful mathematical approach to phase transitions in lattice spin models which is based on the technique of reflection positivity. This technique was developed in the late 1970s in the groundbreaking works of F. Dyson, J. Fr¨ohlich, R. Israel, E. Lieb, B. Simon and T. Spencer who used it to establish phase transitions in a host of physically-interesting classical and quantum lattice spin models; most notably, the classical Heisenberg ferromagnet and the quantum XY model and Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Other powerful techniques — e.g., Pirogov-Sinai theory, lace expansion or multiscale analysis in field theory — are available at present that can serve a similar purpose in related contexts, but we will leave their review to experts in those areas
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