NATIVE SUPERCOLONIES OF UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS IN THE INVASIVE
NATIVE SUPERCOLONIES OF UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS IN THE INVASIVE
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入侵中无关个体的本土超级殖民地
DOI：
10.1554/05-365.1
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Laurent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. S. Pedersen;M. Krieger;V. Vogel;T. Giraud;Laurent
长期以来，群体成员之间的亲缘关系一直被认为是促进社会性和生殖利他主义进化的主要因素，但有些蚂蚁有一种特殊的社会组织，称为单群体性，即个体在物理上分离的巢穴中自由混合。这种类型的社会组织不仅是这些蚂蚁的生态优势的关键属性，而且也是进化的悖论，因为巢友之间的相关性实际上是零。最近，有人提出，在阿根廷蚂蚁，单殖民性是一个衍生的特点，它引入到新的栖息地后演变。在这里，我们测试这个基本假设进行了详细的遗传分析的4个本地和6个引进人口的5至15个微卫星位点和一个线粒体基因。与原住民群体由家庭群体和对其他群体成员具有攻击性的相关个体组成的假设相反，我们发现原住民群体也形成超群体，并且实际上是单殖民的。此外，正如在引进的人口，巢之间的相关性是无法区分的零，在这些本地范围的超殖民地。天然超级殖民地之间的遗传分化是非常高的核和线粒体标记，表明超级殖民地之间的基因流非常有限。本地种群和引进种群之间唯一重要的区别是，在本地范围（25-500米）内，超菌落小了几个数量级。这种大小差异对我们理解单克隆结构的进化和稳定性具有重要影响，因为在原生范围内相对较小的超级菌落意味着超级菌落之间可能发生竞争，这可以通过消除携带它们的超级菌落来阻止自私突变体的传播。
Kinship among group members has long been recognized as a main factor promoting the evolution of sociality and reproductive altruism, yet some ants have an extraordinary social organization, called unicoloniality, whereby individuals mix freely among physically separated nests. This type of social organization is not only a key attribute responsible for the ecological dominance of these ants, but also an evolutionary paradox because relatedness between nestmates is effectively zero. Recently, it has been proposed that, in the Argentine ant, unicoloniality is a derived trait that evolved after its introduction into new habitats. Here we test this basic assumption by conducting a detailed genetic analysis of four native and six introduced populations with five to 15 microsatellite loci and one mitochondrial gene. In contrast to the assumption that native populations consist of family-based colonies with related individuals who are aggressive toward members of other colonies, we found that native populations also form su- percolonies, and are effectively unicolonial. Moreover, just as in introduced populations, the relatedness between nestmates is not distinguishable from zero in these native range supercolonies. Genetic differentiation between native supercolonies was very high for both nuclear and mitochondrial markers, indicating extremely limited gene flow between supercolonies. The only important difference between the native and introduced populations was that su- percolonies were several orders of magnitude smaller in the native range (25-500 m). This size difference has important consequences for our understanding of the evolution and stability of unicolonial structures because the relatively small size of supercolonies in the native range implies that competition can occur between supercolonies, which can act as a break on the spread of selfish mutants by eliminating supercolonies harboring them.