Internet Addiction, Hikikomori Syndrome, and the Prodromal Phase of Psychosis
Internet Addiction, Hikikomori Syndrome, and the Prodromal Phase of Psychosis
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00006
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发表时间：
2016-03-03
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kisely, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stip, Emmanuel;Thibault, Alexis;Kisely, Steve
电脑、电子游戏和科技设备是年轻人日常生活的一部分。Hikikomori是一个日语单词，指的是一种主要影响青少年或年轻人的疾病，他们与世隔绝，隐居在父母家中，连续几天、几个月甚至几年都锁在卧室里，甚至拒绝与家人交流。这些患者大量使用互联网，只是冒险去处理他们最迫切的身体需求。虽然最初是在日本描述的，但世界各地都有病例描述。这是加拿大发布的第一份报告。这种障碍与前驱精神病、精神分裂症的阴性症状或网瘾有共同的特征，这些都是共同的鉴别或并存的诊断。然而，某些病例并不伴有精神障碍。心理治疗是首选的治疗方法，尽管许多病例不愿提出。Hikikomori在精神病因学中的确切位置尚未确定。我们检索Medline至2015年5月12日，并手工搜索所有检索到的文章的参考书目。我们使用了以下搜索词：hikikomori OR(延长、社交和戒断)。我们找到了97篇可能的论文。其中42个是日语，1个是韩语。然而，其中许多被纳入审查的随后的英语论文引用。经过对标题和摘要的审查，有29个被认为是相关的。需要进一步的研究来区分原发和继发的冬眠，并确定这是一种新的诊断实体，还是已有诊断的特定文化或社会表现。
Computers, video games, and technological devices are part of young people's everyday lives. Hikikomori is a Japanese word describing a condition that mainly affects adolescents or young adults who live isolated from the world, cloistered within their parents' homes, locked in their bedrooms for days, months, or even years on end, and refusing to communicate even with their family. These patients use the Internet profusely, and only venture out to deal with their most imperative bodily needs. Although first described in Japan, cases have been described from around the world. This is the first published report from Canada. The disorder shares characteristics with prodromal psychosis, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or Internet addiction, which are common differential or comorbid diagnoses. However, certain cases are not accompanied by a mental disorder. Psychotherapy is the treatment of choice although many cases are reluctant to present. The exact place of hikikomori in psychiatric nosology has yet to be determined. We searched Medline up to 12th May, 2015 supplemented by a hand search of the bibliographies of all retrieved articles. We used the following search terms: Hikikomori OR (prolonged AND social AND withdrawal). We found 97 potential papers. Of these 42 were in Japanese, and 1 in Korean. However, many of these were cited by subsequent English language papers that were included in the review. Following scrutiny of the titles and abstracts, 29 were judged to be relevant. Further research is needed to distinguish between primary and secondary hikikomori and establish whether this is a new diagnostic entity, or particular cultural or societal manifestations of established diagnoses.