Voice of Authority: Professionals Lower Their Vocal Frequencies When Giving Expert Advice
Voice of Authority: Professionals Lower Their Vocal Frequencies When Giving Expert Advice
复制标题
权威之声：专业人士在提供专家建议时降低声音频率
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
K. Pisanski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Sorokowski;D. Puts;Janie Johnson;Olga Żółkiewicz;A. Oleszkiewicz;A. Sorokowska;M. Kowal;Barbara Borkowska;K. Pisanski
声学分析和回放研究极大地促进了我们对非语言交际个体差异的理解。然而，研究人员直到最近才开始研究声音的个体差异，特别是人们如何在不同的社会环境中调节关键的声音参数，其中大部分研究都集中在交配环境上。在这里，我们调查了男性和女性在职业环境中是否会调节他们声音的频率成分，以及这种声音调节如何影响听者对说话者能力和权威的评估。研究助理在两种类型的言语条件下聘请了在不同大学担任教员的科学家：(1)控制言语，其中受试者被问及如何到达指定校园的行政办公室；(2)权威演讲，其中同样的受试者被要求为一个面向年轻学者的广播节目提供评论，节目的标题是“如何成为一名科学家，值得吗？”我们的研究结果表明，男性（n = 27）和女性（n = 24）教师在被要求提供他们的专家意见时，与指路时相比，降低了他们的平均音高（以基频测量，F0）和声道共振（以峰位测量，Pf）。值得注意的是，在给出专家建议时，女性比男性更容易降低平均音高（33赫兹比14赫兹）。回放实验的结果进一步表明，说外语的听者根据权威话语判断教师的声音相对更有能力、更权威，这表明观察到的非语言语音调制有效地改变了听者的感知。我们的研究结果支持这样一种预测，即人们在社会环境中调节自己的声音，可能会引起有利的社会评价。
Acoustic analysis and playback studies have greatly advanced our understanding of between-individual differences in nonverbal communication. Yet, researchers have only recently begun to investigate within-individual variation in the voice, particularly how people modulate key vocal parameters across various social contexts, with most of this research focusing on mating contexts. Here, we investigated whether men and women modulate the frequency components of their voices in a professional context, and how this voice modulation affects listeners’ assessments of the speakers’ competence and authority. Research assistants engaged scientists working as faculty members at various universities in two types of speech conditions: (1) Control speech, wherein the subjects were asked how to get to the administrative offices on that given campus; and (2) Authority speech, wherein the same subjects were asked to provide commentary for a radio program for young scholars titled, “How to become a scientist, and is it worth it?”. Our results show that male (n = 27) and female (n = 24) faculty members lowered their mean voice pitch (measured as fundamental frequency, F0) and vocal tract resonances (measured as formant position, Pf) when asked to provide their expert opinion compared to when giving directions. Notably, women lowered their mean voice pitch more than did men (by 33 Hz vs. 14 Hz) when giving expert advice. The results of a playback experiment further indicated that foreign-speaking listeners judged the voices of faculty members as relatively more competent and more authoritative based on authority speech than control speech, indicating that the observed nonverbal voice modulation effectively altered listeners’ perceptions. Our results support the prediction that people modulate their voices in social contexts in ways that are likely to elicit favorable social appraisals.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
TITZE, IR
通讯作者：
TITZE, IR
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dellwo V
通讯作者：
Dellwo V