The organization, regulation, and biological functions of the synaptonemal complex.
The organization, regulation, and biological functions of the synaptonemal complex.
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联会复合体的组织、调节和生物学功能
DOI：
10.4103/aja202153
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gao JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang FG;Zhang RR;Gao JM
联会复合体（SC）是一种减数分裂特异性蛋白质大分子结构，在各种真核生物减数分裂过程中在成对同源染色体之间组装。 SC具有高度保守的超微结构，在控制减数分裂重组和交叉形成的多个步骤中发挥着关键作用，确保减数分裂染色体的准确分离。最近在超分辨率显微镜的进步的推动下，对不同生物体的研究提供了对 SC 大分子结构的深入了解，包括减数分裂染色体轴和 SC 中心区域的内部组织、控制 SC 组装和动力学的调控途径，以及 SC 及其子结构发挥的生物学功能。这篇综述总结了有关 SC 如何组织和调节的最新发现，这些发现有助于解释与这种减数分裂特异性结构相关的生物学功能。
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a meiosis-specific proteinaceous macromolecular structure that assembles between paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis in various eukaryotes. The SC has a highly conserved ultrastructure and plays critical roles in controlling multiple steps in meiotic recombination and crossover formation, ensuring accurate meiotic chromosome segregation. Recent studies in different organisms, facilitated by advances in super-resolution microscopy, have provided insights into the macromolecular structure of the SC, including the internal organization of the meiotic chromosome axis and SC central region, the regulatory pathways that control SC assembly and dynamics, and the biological functions exerted by the SC and its substructures. This review summarizes recent discoveries about how the SC is organized and regulated that help to explain the biological functions associated with this meiosis-specific structure.