Effects of the large-scale uncontrolled fertilisation process along the continental coastal North Sea
Effects of the large-scale uncontrolled fertilisation process along the continental coastal North Sea
复制标题
北海大陆沿岸大规模不受控制的受精过程的影响
DOI：
10.1023/a:1021361206529
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
U. Tillmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Colijn;K. Hesse;N. Ladwig;U. Tillmann
在本文中，富营养化在北海生态系统的选定隔间的影响进行了讨论，包括可能的积极影响的营养富集。根据各种研究，介绍了对浮游植物、大型底栖动物、微型浮游动物、虾和鱼类生物量以及生产力的影响。在北海的几个沿海地区可以观察到营养物浓度和负荷增加。因此，在浮游植物中观察到浓度、产量和物种组成的变化增加。此外，有一些迹象表明大型底栖动物的生物量有所增加，而微型浮游动物的增加只能从中型生态系统实验中推测。在北海一些沿海地区观察到的虾和鱼等较高营养水平的同时增加，由于缺乏表明变化因果关系的结论性实地观察，很难与富营养化直接联系起来。然而，北海的大规模施肥过程导致了一系列变化，这是毫无疑问的。从人为的角度来看，这些变化在多大程度上是无害的、积极的还是消极的，这一问题的答案由于缺乏良好的海洋生态系统评估标准而受到阻碍，需要通过足够长的长期系列对所涉的所有分区进行彻底分析，以区分人为和自然的变化。
In this paper, effects of eutrophication in selected compartments of the North Sea ecosystem are discussed, encompassing the possibly positive effects of nutrient enrichment. Based on a variety of studies, impacts on biomass of phytoplankton, macrozoobenthos, microzooplankton, shrimps and fishes and productivity are presented. Enhanced nutrient concentrations and loadings can be observed in several coastal areas of the North Sea. As a result, increases in the concentration, production and changes in the species composition was observed in the phytoplankton. In addition, there are some indications for an increased biomass of macrozoobenthos, whereas an increase in microzooplankton can only be assumed from mesocosm experiments. A concomitant increase of higher trophic levels such as shrimps and fishes, as observed in some coastal regions of the North Sea, is difficult to link directly to eutrophication due to a lack of conclusive field observations showing the causality of the changes. That the large fertilisation process in the North Sea has led to a series of changes is, however, without doubt. The answer, to what extent these can be claimed as being harmless, positive or negative from the anthropogenic point of view, is hampered by the lack of good assessment criteria for marine ecosystems and requires a thorough analysis of all compartments involved by means of long-term-series long enough to discriminate between man-made and natural variability.