The Visual Word Form System in Context
The Visual Word Form System in Context
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2705-10.2011
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发表时间：
2011-01-05
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wise, Richard J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woodhead, Zoe V. J.;Brownsett, Sonia L. E.;Wise, Richard J. S.
根据“模块”假说，阅读是一个串行前馈过程，左腹侧枕颞叶皮层的一部分是最早的组件调谐到熟悉的正字法刺激。在这个区域之外，该模型预测在阅读相关的神经通路中对错误字体阵列没有反应。另一种“联结主义”假说认为，阅读依赖于视觉皮层的前馈投射与语音和语义系统的反馈投射之间的相互作用，没有视觉成分排他的正字法刺激。这与支持阅读的视觉和异模态感觉通路中的错误字体的自动处理是相容的，其中对单词的响应可能大于但不排除对错误字体的响应。本功能成像研究通过使用叙述性文本和等效的假字体阵列，并使用快速连续视觉呈现改变呈现的半视野，来研究这些替代假设。“空”基线包括对视觉呈现的数字的决定。偏好活动的叙述相对于假字体，不敏感的半场介绍，分布沿着腹侧左颞叶和沿着的程度都上级颞沟。在整个系统中，假字体条件下的活动显着大于在数字任务，与活动特定的数字任务局限于顶内沟。因此，单词和假字体都是沿着沿着相同的颞叶新皮层通路进行广泛处理的，与处理数字的背侧通路不同。这些结果与阅读的串行前馈模型不相容。
According to the "modular" hypothesis, reading is a serial feedforward process, with part of left ventral occipitotemporal cortex the earliest component tuned to familiar orthographic stimuli. Beyond this region, the model predicts no response to arrays of false font in reading-related neural pathways. An alternative "connectionist" hypothesis proposes that reading depends on interactions between feedforward projections from visual cortex and feedback projections from phonological and semantic systems, with no visual component exclusive to orthographic stimuli. This is compatible with automatic processing of false font throughout visual and heteromodal sensory pathways that support reading, in which responses to words may be greater than, but not exclusive of, responses to false font. This functional imaging study investigated these alternative hypotheses by using narrative texts and equivalent arrays of false font and varying the hemifield of presentation using rapid serial visual presentation. The "null" baseline comprised a decision on visually presented numbers. Preferential activity for narratives relative to false font, insensitive to hemifield of presentation, was distributed along the ventral left temporal lobe and along the extent of both superior temporal sulci. Throughout this system, activity during the false font conditions was significantly greater than during the number task, with activity specific to the number task confined to the intraparietal sulci. Therefore, both words and false font are extensively processed along the same temporal neocortical pathways, separate from the more dorsal pathways that process numbers. These results are incompatible with a serial, feedforward model of reading.