Impact of biogenic very short-lived bromine on the Antarctic ozone hole during the 21st century
Impact of biogenic very short-lived bromine on the Antarctic ozone hole during the 21st century
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-17-1673-2017
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发表时间：
2017-02-03
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fernandez, Rafael P.;Kinnison, Douglas E.;Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso
生物源极短寿命溴碳（VSLBr）的光化学分解释放的活性溴加剧了平流层臭氧消耗。基于1960-2100年的一组双重耦合化学气候模拟（即有和没有VSLBr），我们表明，最大的南极臭氧空洞消耗增加了14%，当考虑天然VSLBr，这是在更好的协议与臭氧观测。额外的5 pptv VSLBr对南极臭氧的影响在臭氧洞的周边最为明显，使臭氧洞面积扩大了约500万公里（2），这与最近估计的由于执行蒙特利尔议定书而导致的南极臭氧愈合的规模相当。我们发现，纳入VSLBr在CAM化学（社区大气模型与化学，版本4.0）并没有引入一个显着的延迟模拟臭氧返回日期到1980年10月的水平，而是影响模拟臭氧洞的深度和持续时间。我们的分析进一步表明，到2070年，平流层下部的溴催化臭氧破坏总量将超过氯，并表明在21世纪结束之前，天然的VSLBr化学将主导南极臭氧的季节性。这项工作表明，生物溴对未来南极臭氧层的影响很大。
Active bromine released from the photochemical decomposition of biogenic very short-lived bromocarbons (VSLBr) enhances stratospheric ozone depletion. Based on a dual set of 1960-2100 coupled chemistry-climate simulations (i.e. with and without VSLBr), we show that the maximum Antarctic ozone hole depletion increases by up to 14% when natural VSLBr are considered, which is in better agreement with ozone observations. The impact of the additional 5 pptv VSLBr on Antarctic ozone is most evident in the periphery of the ozone hole, producing an expansion of the ozone hole area of similar to 5 million km(2), which is equivalent in magnitude to the recently estimated Antarctic ozone healing due to the implementation of the Montreal Protocol. We find that the inclusion of VSLBr in CAM-Chem (Community Atmosphere Model with Chemistry, version 4.0) does not introduce a significant delay of the modelled ozone return date to 1980 October levels, but instead affects the depth and duration of the simulated ozone hole. Our analysis further shows that total bromine-catalysed ozone destruction in the lower stratosphere surpasses that of chlorine by the year 2070 and indicates that natural VSLBr chemistry would dominate Antarctic ozone seasonality before the end of the 21st century. This work suggests a large influence of biogenic bromine on the future Antarctic ozone layer.