Mineralogical analyses and in vitro screening tests for the rapid evaluation of the health hazard of volcanic ash at Rabaul volcano, Papua New Guinea

Mineralogical analyses and in vitro screening tests for the rapid evaluation of the health hazard of volcanic ash at Rabaul volcano, Papua New Guinea
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用于快速评估巴布亚新几内亚拉包尔火山火山灰健康危害的矿物学分析和体外筛选试验

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-010-0382-7
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Le Blond J
Le Blond J
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Le Blond J

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2007- 2008年期间,巴布亚新几内亚拉包尔火山口的Tavurvur火山锥不断排放火山灰和气体,这引起了人们的关切,即接触这些火山灰会如何影响附近人口的呼吸系统健康以及对环境的影响。作为火山排放物对公众健康影响的正式评估的一部分,我们使用一套选定的矿物学分析和体外毒性筛选试验调查了火山灰的潜在健康危害。粗面安山质火山灰包含2.1-6.7体积%可吸入颗粒(直径小于4 μm)。结晶二氧化硅含量为1.9-5.0重量%方石英(在散装样品中),含微量石英和/或鳞石英。扫描电子显微镜显示,灰颗粒是有角的,具有稀疏的纤维状颗粒(最大直径为103 -60 μm)。直径),我们确认其为CaSO 4(石膏,<6重量%而不是石棉纤维。灰分比表面积低(0.1-2.7 m2 g-1)。其中一个火山灰样品的沥滤溶液呈微酸性(pH 5.6),但与先前测试的火山灰沥滤物相比,不含高水平的有毒金属(如F、Cu、Zn、Mn、As、Ni和Cd)。灰烬样品通过铁介导的催化反应产生了潜在有害的羟基自由基,范围为0.15-2.47 μmol m−2(反应30分钟后)。然而,颗粒氧化能力的测量(使用抗坏血酸的潜在氧化应激反应)和对红细胞的二氧化硅样损伤(红细胞溶解测定,即细胞死亡的测量)仍然显示低生物反应性。研究结果表明,急性接触火山灰可能会使哮喘或慢性支气管炎等原有疾病恶化,而慢性接触导致硅肺的可能性很低。
The continuous ash and gas emissions from the Tavurvur cone in Rabaul caldera, Papua New Guinea, during 2007–08, raised concerns regarding how exposure would affect the respiratory health of nearby populations and impact on the environment. As part of a formal evaluation of the effects of volcanic emissions on public health, we investigated the potential health hazard of the ash using a suite of selected mineralogical analyses and in vitro toxicity screening tests. The trachy-andesitic ash comprised 2.1–6.7 vol.% respirable (sub-4 μm diameter) particles. The crystalline silica content was 1.9–5.0 wt.% cristobalite (in the bulk sample) with trace amounts of quartz and/or tridymite. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the ash particles were angular with sparse, fibre-like particles (∼3–60 μm max. diameter) observed in some samples, which we confirmed to be CaSO4(gypsum, at <6 wt.% in the bulk samples) and not asbestiform fibres. The ash specific surface area was low (0.1–2.7 m2g−1). The leached solution from one of the ash samples was slightly acidic (pH 5.6), but did not contain high levels of toxic metals (such as F, Cu, Zn, Mn, As, Ni and Cd) when compared to previously tested volcanic ash leachates. Ash samples generated potentially-harmful hydroxyl radicals through an iron-mediated catalytic reaction, in the range of 0.15–2.47 μmol m−2(after 30 min of reaction). However, measurement of particle oxidative capacity (potential oxidative stress reaction using ascorbic acid) and silica-like injury to red blood cells (erythrolysis assay, i.e. measurement of cell death) nevertheless revealed low biological reactivity. The findings suggest that acute exposure to the ash would have a limited potential to exacerbate pre-existing conditions such as asthma or chronic bronchitis, and the potential for chronic exposure leading to silicosis was low.
墨西哥波波卡特佩特尔火山灰暴露对呼吸系统影响的为期七个月的前瞻性研究
DOI: --
发表时间: 2001
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Rojas;M. Catalán;A. Pozzo;E. Garcia;J. Villalba;J. Perez
通讯作者: J. Perez
巴布亚新几内亚拉包尔火山口:火山灾害、监测和喷发应急计划
DOI: --
发表时间: 1985
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
C. McKee;R. Johnson;P. Lowenstein;S. Riley;R. Blong;P. D. S. Ours;B. Talai
通讯作者: B. Talai
巴布亚新几内亚拉包尔火山口地区的岩石学
DOI: --
发表时间: 1995
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
C. Wood;I. Nairn;C. McKee;B. Talai
通讯作者: B. Talai
大鼠肺中的抗坏血酸。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1974
期刊: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC
影响因子: --
作者:
R. Willis;C. Kratzing
通讯作者: C. Kratzing
二氧化硅和一些硅酸盐。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1987
期刊: IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans
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