A small survey of introduced Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States.
A small survey of introduced Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States.
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DOI：
10.1093/jisesa/iead092
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发表时间：
2023-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Erickson, Priscilla A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rakes, Logan M;Delamont, Megan;Cole, Christine;Yates, Jillian A;Blevins, Lynsey J;Hassan, Fatima Naureen;Bergland, Alan O;Erickson, Priscilla A
非洲无花果蝇（Zaprionus indianus，古普塔）是一种多能果蝇，通常在70多种植物的腐烂果实中繁殖。该物种已从其原产地热带非洲蔓延到全球，成为巴西成熟无花果的入侵害虫。2005年在美国佛罗里达州首次报道，此后在遥远的加拿大北部都有记载，并且假设每年都从南部难民向北重新定居。我们在2020年至2022年期间在弗吉尼亚州的2个果园和2022年秋季在东海岸的11个果园对果蝇群落进行了生长季节取样，以量化不同地点、季节和水果作物中相对于其他果蝇的印地安兹果蝇的丰度。马萨诸塞州有最北的种群，在缅因州没有发现印地安弧菌，纬度和相对丰度之间没有相关性。果园内桃果相对丰度差异较大，果园内桃果相对丰度差异较大。比较弗吉尼亚州2个果园的季节丰度曲线显示出相似的动态，个体在7月左右首次被检测到，在12月左右消失，夏末和秋中达到峰值。这里显示的季节和纬度丰度的变化突出表明，需要更广泛的采样来准确地表征北美印第安弧菌的范围、传播和环境耐受性。
The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta), is a generalist fruit fly that typically breeds in decaying fruits from over 70 plant species. The species has spread globally from its native range in tropical Africa, becoming an invasive pest on ripening figs in Brazil. First reported in the United States in 2005 in Florida, Z. indianus has since been documented as far north as Canada and is hypothesized to recolonize northwards from southern refugia each year. We sampled drosophilid communities over the growing season at 2 orchards in Virginia from 2020 to 2022 and 11 orchards along the East Coast during the fall of 2022 to quantify the abundance of Z. indianus relative to other drosophilids across locations, seasons, and fruit crops. Massachusetts had the northernmost population, with no Z. indianus detected in Maine and no correlation between latitude and relative abundance. Variation in Z. indianus relative abundance was high between nearby orchards and abundance was higher on peaches relative to apples within orchards. Comparisons of seasonal abundance curves between 2 Virginia orchards showed similar dynamics across years with individuals first detected around July and becoming absent around December, with peaks in late summer and mid-fall. The variation in seasonal and latitudinal abundance shown here highlights a need for broader sampling to accurately characterize the range, spread, and environmental tolerances of Z. indianus in North America.