Energy estimates and symmetry breaking in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates with ring-shaped potentials

Energy estimates and symmetry breaking in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates with ring-shaped potentials
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具有环形势的有吸引力的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的能量估计和对称性破缺

DOI:
10.1016/j.anihpc.2015.01.005
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发表时间:
2014-06
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Huan-Song Zhou
Huan-Song Zhou
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yujin Guo;Xiaoyu Zeng;Huan-Song Zhou

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本文关注具有吸引相互作用和环形势的二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的 Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) 泛函的 L 2 归一化极小值的性质。通过对 GP 泛函的最小能量进行一些精细的估计,我们证明当相互作用强度 a> 0 接近临界值 a⁎ 时,GP 泛函的极小值发生对称性破缺,GP 泛函的每个极小值集中到势阱圆形底部的一点,然后作为 a↗ a⁎ 非径向对称。然而,当 a> 0 适当小时,我们证明 GP 泛函的极小值是唯一的,并且这个唯一的极小值是径向对称的。
This paper is concerned with the properties of L 2-normalized minimizers of the Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) functional for a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate with attractive interaction and ring-shaped potential. By establishing some delicate estimates on the least energy of the GP functional, we prove that symmetry breaking occurs for the minimizers of the GP functional as the interaction strength a> 0 approaches a critical value a⁎, each minimizer of the GP functional concentrates to a point on the circular bottom of the potential well and then is non-radially symmetric as a↗ a⁎. However, when a> 0 is suitably small we prove that the minimizers of the GP functional are unique, and this unique minimizer is radially symmetric.
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