School Violence, Mental Health, and Educational Performance in Uganda
School Violence, Mental Health, and Educational Performance in Uganda
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2013-2007
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Naker, Dipak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Devries, Karen M.;Child, Jennifer C.;Naker, Dipak
背景：在中低收入国家，学校教职工对儿童的暴力行为据传闻很常见，但缺乏关于其流行率以及与心理健康和教育成果相关联的数据。
方法：我们报告了2012年6月和7月在乌干达卢韦罗区进行的一项横断面调查的数据。随机选取了代表该区80%学生的42所小学；100%同意参与。使用了国际防止虐待和忽视儿童协会儿童虐待筛查工具 - 儿童机构版、长处与困难问卷以及阅读、拼写和数学测试。我们给出了描述性统计数据和逻辑回归模型，并考虑了调查中使用的复杂抽样方案。
结果：我们对3706名学生和577名学校教职工进行了调查；93.3%（标准误1.0%）的小学男生和94.2%（标准误1.6%）的小学女生报告曾遭受过学校教职工的身体暴力，50%报告在过去一周内有此类经历。过去一周的身体暴力与心理健康不良的几率增加有关，对于女孩来说，与学习成绩差的几率翻倍有关（调整后的优势比 = 1.78，95%置信区间 = 1.19 - 2.66）。对于男孩，存在显著的交互作用。
结论：尽管自1997年以来乌干达学校禁止体罚，但对学生使用暴力的情况仍很普遍，且与心理健康不良和学习成绩差有关。在中低收入环境中，校园暴力可能是疾病负担和学习成绩差的一个重要但被忽视的因素。
BACKGROUND: Violence against children from school staff is anecdotally common in low-and middle-income countries, but data on prevalence and associations with mental health and educational outcomes are lacking.METHODS: We report data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in June and July 2012 in Luwero District, Uganda. Forty-two primary schools representing 80% of students in the district were randomly selected; 100% agreed to participate. The International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Child Abuse Screening Tool-Child Institutional; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; and reading, spelling, and math tests were administered. We present descriptive statistics and logistic regression models, accounting for the complex sampling scheme used in the survey.RESULTS: We surveyed 3706 students and 577 school staff members; 93.3% (SE 1.0%) of boys and 94.2% (SE 1.6%) of girls attending primary school reported lifetime experience of physical violence from a school staff member, and.50% reported experience in the past week. Past-week physical violence was associated with increased odds of poor mental health and, for girls, double the odds of poor educational performance (adjusted odds ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval = 1.19-2.66). For boys, significant interactions were present.CONCLUSIONS: Despite a ban on corporal punishment in Ugandan schools since 1997, the use of violence against students is widespread and associated with poor mental health and educational performance. School violence may be an important but overlooked contributor to disease burden and poor educational performance in low-and middle-income settings.