Interworking Layer of Distributed MQTT Brokers
Interworking Layer of Distributed MQTT Brokers
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DOI：
10.1587/transinf.2019pak0001
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Shudo, Kazuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banno, Ryohei;Sun, Jingyu;Shudo, Kazuyuki
MQTT是物联网环境中各种数据交换的有前途的协议之一。通常，这些环境具有称为“边缘重”的特征，这意味着网络边缘的事物会生成大量具有高局部性的数据。为了处理这种边缘重数据，在网络边缘放置多个MQTT代理并使它们相互协作的架构非常有效。它可以提供更高的吞吐量和更低的延迟，并减少云资源的消耗。然而，在这种架构下，异构性可能是一个至关重要的问题。也就是说，MQTT代理的适当产品可以根据每个网络边缘的不同环境而变化，即使由于MQTT规范在代理之间不提供互操作性，不同的产品难以合作。在本文中，我们提出了分布式MQTT代理的交互工作层（ILDM），它使任意类型的MQTT代理能够相互合作。ILDM被设计为独立于任何特定协作算法的通用机制，提供API以促进各种算法的开发。通过使用API，我们还提出了两个基本的合作算法。为了评估ILDM的有用性，我们引入了一个基准系统，它可以用于单个经纪人和多个经纪人。实验结果表明，通过ILDM，5个代理一起运行的吞吐量最高比单个代理提高了4.3倍。
MQTT is one of the promising protocols for various data exchange in IoT environments. Typically, those environments have a characteristic called "edge-heavy", which means that things at the network edge generate a massive volume of data with high locality. For handling such edge-heavy data, an architecture of placing multiple MQTT brokers at the network edges and making them cooperate with each other is quite effective. It can provide higher throughput and lower latency, as well as reducing consumption of cloud resources. However, under this kind of architecture, heterogeneity could be a vital issue. Namely, an appropriate product of MQTT broker could vary according to the different environment of each network edge, even though different products are hard to cooperate due to the MQTT specification providing no interoperability between brokers. In this paper, we propose Interworking Layer of Distributed MQTT brokers (ILDM), which enables arbitrary kinds of MQTT brokers to cooperate with each other. ILDM, designed as a generic mechanism independent of any specific cooperation algorithm, provides APIs to facilitate development of a variety of algorithms. By using the APIs, we also present two basic cooperation algorithms. To evaluate the usefulness of ILDM, we introduce a benchmark system which can be used for both a single broker and multiple brokers. Experimental results show that the throughput of five brokers running together by ILDM is improved 4.3 times at maximum than that of a single broker.