Infants' lexical comprehension and lexical anticipation abilities are closely linked in early language development.
Infants' lexical comprehension and lexical anticipation abilities are closely linked in early language development.
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婴儿的词汇理解和词汇预期能力与早期语言发展密切相关。
DOI：
10.1111/infa.12534
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Emberson,Lauren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reuter,Tracy;Mazzei,Carolyn;Lew-Williams,Casey;Emberson,Lauren
跨认知领域的理论提出，预期即将到来的感官输入支持信息处理。根据这一观点，先前的研究结果表明，成人和儿童在真实的语言处理过程中，通过预测和启动等过程来预测即将出现的单词。然而，目前还不清楚预期过程是严格的先前语言发展的结果，还是更多地与语言学习和发展有关。我们操作这个理论问题，是否发展出现的词汇项目的理解之前或同时发生的预期这些词汇项目。为此，我们测试了12、15、18和24个月大的婴儿（N= 67）理解和预测熟悉名词的能力。在眼动追踪任务中，婴儿观看成对的图像，并听到含有信息词的句子（例如，吃），这允许他们预测即将到来的名词（例如，cookie），或无信息的单词（例如，参见）。研究结果表明，婴儿的理解和预测能力是密切相关的发展时间和个人。重要的是，我们没有发现词汇理解的证据，在没有词汇预期。因此，预期过程在婴儿第二年的早期就出现了，这表明它们是语言发展的一部分，而不仅仅是语言发展的结果。
Theories across cognitive domains propose that anticipating upcoming sensory input supports information processing. In line with this view, prior findings indicate that adults and children anticipate upcoming words during real‐time language processing, via such processes as prediction and priming. However, it is unclear if anticipatory processes are strictly an outcome of prior language development or are more entwined with language learning and development. We operationalized this theoretical question as whether developmental emergence of comprehension of lexical items occurs before or concurrently with the anticipation of these lexical items. To this end, we tested infants of ages 12, 15, 18, and 24 months (N= 67) on their abilities to comprehend and anticipate familiar nouns. In an eye‐tracking task, infants viewed pairs of images and heard sentences with either informative words (e.g.,eat) that allowed them to anticipate an upcoming noun (e.g.,cookie), or uninformative words (e.g.,see). Findings indicated that infants' comprehension and anticipation abilities are closely linked over developmental time and within individuals. Importantly, we do not find evidence for lexical comprehension in the absence of lexical anticipation. Thus, anticipatory processes are present early in infants' second year, suggesting they are a part of language development rather than solely an outcome of it.