ALTERED CELL-FUNCTION IN MICROGRAVITY
ALTERED CELL-FUNCTION IN MICROGRAVITY
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DOI：
10.1016/0531-5565(91)90017-g
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
HUGHESFULFORD, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HUGHESFULFORD, M
人类在航天返回地球后的生理变化被归因于系统适应、对压力的反应和缺乏正常锻炼。来自天空实验室，SL-3和D-1任务的研究表明，在单细胞原核生物和真核生物以及动物组织中可以看到显着的生理变化。基本的细胞功能，如电解质浓度，细胞生长速度，葡萄糖利用率。微重力改变了骨形成、对生长刺激的反应和胞吐作用，人类、脊椎动物和简单生物体在空间飞行中出现的许多生理变化可能源于微重力引起的基本生物机制的功能障碍。老年人与宇航员在太空飞行中出现的许多症状相同。这些包括心脏功能降低、骨质流失、免疫反应降低和体位性低血压。衰老过程中出现的某些生理适应可能与太空飞行中出现的变化有着共同的生理基础。由于微重力在亚细胞和分子水平上影响原核和真核细胞的功能，空间使我们有机会更多地了解对生命至关重要的基本生物机制。
Physiological changes in humans during spaceflight upon return to earth have been attributed to systemic adaptation, response to stress, and lack of normal exercise. Studies from the Skylab, SL-3, and D-1 missions have demonstrated that significant physiological alterations are seen in single cell prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as well as in animal tissues. Basic cellular functions such as electrolyte concentration, cell growth rate, glucose utilization. bone formation, response to growth stimulation, and exocytosis are modified in microgravity.Many of the physiological changes seen in humans, vertebrate and simple organisms in spaceflight may originate from dysfunction of basic biological mechanisms caused by microgravity. Aging humans share many of the symptoms seen in astronauts during spaceflight. These include reduced cardiac function, loss of bone and reduced immune response and orthostatic hypotension. It is possible that some of physiological adaptations seen in aging may share common physiological basis with those changes seen in spaceflight. Since microgravity affects prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell function at a subcellular and molecular level, space offers us an opportunity to learn more about basic biological mechanisms which are essential to life.