The redevelopment of Indo-Aryan case systems from a lexical semantic perspective

The redevelopment of Indo-Aryan case systems from a lexical semantic perspective
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从词汇语义角度重新开发印度-雅利安格系统

DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Tafseer Ahmed
Tafseer Ahmed
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
Miriam Butt;Tafseer Ahmed

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在梵语(旧印度-雅利安)中发现的最初的大小写系统在中世纪的印度-雅利安消失了，然后在大多数现代新印度-雅利安(NIA)语言中重新发明。本文认为：(1)NIA格系统再开发的一个重要因素是表达系统的语义对比；(2)新创新的格标记的准确分布只有考虑到它们原来的空间语义，以及这种最初的空间语义如何变成主要用于标记句子的核心参与者(如施事、受事、体验者、接受者)才能理解。此外，考虑到格标记并不是一下子就被创新的，而是相继出现的，我们建议了一个模式，在这个模型中，已经存在的格标记阻碍了新的格标记或与新的格标记竞争，从而在密切相关的语言中产生了不同的特定实例化一个和相同的原始空间后置位置。
The original case system found in Sanskrit (Old Indo-Aryan) was lost in Middle Indo-Aryan and then reinvented in most of the modern New Indo-Aryan (NIA) languages. This paper suggests that: (1) a large factor in the redevelopment of the NIA case systems is the expression of systematic semantic contrasts; (2) the precise distribution of the newly innovated case markers can only be understood by taking their original spatial semantics into account and how this originally spatial semantics came to be used primarily for marking the core participants of a sentence (e.g., agents, patients, experiencers, recipients). Furthermore, given that case markers were not innovated all at once, but successively, we suggest a model in which already existing case markers block or compete with newer ones, thus giving rise to differing particular instantiations of one and the same originally spatial postposition across closely related languages.