Do People Explicitly Make a Frame Choice Based on the Reference Point?
Do People Explicitly Make a Frame Choice Based on the Reference Point?
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02552
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发表时间：
2018-12-17
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ueda, Kazuhiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Honda, Hidehito;Shirasuna, Masaru;Ueda, Kazuhiro
先前的研究表明，当选择两个逻辑上等效的框架之一（例如“半满”或“半空”）时，人们倾向于根据参考点进行选择。例如，当容量为500毫升的玻璃杯中的水量原来是0毫升（或500毫升），然后增加（或减少）到250毫升时，人们倾向于将玻璃杯中的水量表达为“半满”（或“半空”）。在本研究中，我们检查了参与者是否根据参考点明确做出了框架选择。我们进行了四项与框架选择任务相关的行为实验。具体来说，参与者会收到一个基于故事或基于主要内容的参考点，然后做出框架选择。此外，参与者还给出了选择的理由。我们对框架选择及其原因的发现可总结如下。首先，当参与者看到一个基于故事的参考点时，其中一些人报告说他们根据参考点做出了框架选择。其次，当参考点作为素数出现时，参与者的框架选择会受到该参考点的影响。然而，几乎没有参与者报告说他们是根据参考点做出框架选择的。这些结果表明参考点对框架选择的影响是稳健的，并且人们并不总是根据参考点明确地做出框架选择。
Previous studies have shown that when choosing one of two logically equivalent frames (e.g., "half full" or "half empty"), people tend to choose based on a reference point. For example, when the amount of water in a glass with 500 ml capacity was originally 0 ml (or 500 ml), and then increased (or decreased) to 250 ml, people tend to express the amount of water in the glass as "half full" (or "half empty"). In the present study, we examined whether participants explicitly made a frame choice based on the reference point. We conducted four behavioral experiments relating to frame choice tasks. Specifically, participants were presented with a story-based or prime-based reference point and then made a frame choice. Furthermore, participants provided their reasons for the choice. Our findings on frame choices and their reasons can be summarized as follows. First, when participants were presented with a story-based reference point, some of them reported that they made frame choices based on the reference point. Second, when a reference point was presented as a prime, participants' frame choices were affected by this reference point. However, almost no participants reported that they made frame choices based on the reference point. These results indicate that the effect of reference points on frame choices is robust and that people do not always explicitly make frame choices based on the reference point.