Patch size determines the strength of edge effects on carabid beetle assemblages in urban remnant forests
Patch size determines the strength of edge effects on carabid beetle assemblages in urban remnant forests
复制标题
斑块大小决定了城市残余森林中步甲甲虫组合的边缘效应强度
DOI：
10.1007/s10841-012-9524-x
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Koike S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soga M;Kanno N;Yamaura Y;Koike S
城市化导致的栖息地破碎化正在全球范围内迅速加剧。尽管斑块面积和边缘效应都是物种多样性和破碎景观中个体数量的重要决定因素，但测试两种效应之间相互作用的研究仍然有限。在这里，我们研究了日本中部东京高度破碎的森林中区域和边缘效应对物种丰富度和步甲个体数量的相互作用。我们使用设置在边缘和内部区域的陷阱对 26 个森林斑块（1.1-121.6 公顷）中的每一个中的步甲进行了调查。首先，我们将物种丰富度和个体数量与斑块面积的边缘到内部差异相关联。其次，我们使用广义线性模型研究了斑块面积和到边缘的距离对物种丰富度和个体数量之间的相互作用。我们发现边缘区域的步甲物种丰富度和个体数量显着下降。物种丰富度和个体数量的边缘到内部差异与斑块面积呈正相关。模型选择揭示了斑块面积和到边缘的距离之间明显的相互作用效应：仅在较大的内部区域中预测个体数量较多。我们的结果表明，步甲甲虫组合受到区域效应和边缘效应之间相互作用的影响。因此，在小片森林残存占主导地位的城市地区，将森林斑块的形状圆形化以最大化核心区域可能是保护生物多样性最可行和最现实的手段。
Habitat fragmentation due to urbanization is increasing rapidly worldwide. Although patch area and edge effect are both important determinants of species diversity and the number of individuals in fragmented landscapes, studies that tested interaction between two effects were limited. Here we examined the interaction between area and edge effects on species richness and the number of individuals of carabids in highly fragmented forests in Tokyo, central Japan. We surveyed carabids in each of 26 forest patches (1.1–121.6 ha) using pitfall traps set in both edge and interior zones. First, we correlated the edge-to-interior differences of both species richness and the number of individuals with patch area. Second, we examined the interaction between patch area and distance to the edge on species richness and the number of individuals using generalized linear models. We found a significant decrease in carabid species richness and the number of individuals in edge zones. The edge-to-interior differences in both species richness and the number of individuals were positively correlated with patch area. Model selection revealed the evident interaction effects between patch area and distance to the edge: higher number of individuals was predicted in only large interior zones. Our results indicated that carabid beetle assemblages were influenced by the interaction between area and edge effects. Thus, in urban areas where small forest remnants dominate, circularizing the shape of the forest patches to maximize the core areas may be the most feasible and realistic means to preserve biodiversity.