Psychosocial Challenges and Strategies for Coping with HIV Among Adolescents in Uganda: A Qualitative Study
Psychosocial Challenges and Strategies for Coping with HIV Among Adolescents in Uganda: A Qualitative Study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1089/apc.2014.0222
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Tsai, Alexander C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mutumba, Massy;Bauermeister, Jose A.;Tsai, Alexander C.
尽管90%以上的围产期感染艾滋病毒的青年生活在撒哈拉以南非洲，但人们对影响他们福祉的社会心理因素知之甚少，也不知道这些青年如何应对这些挑战。本研究的目的是确定乌干达围产期感染艾滋病毒的青少年面临的社会心理挑战和应对策略。在坎帕拉的一个大型艾滋病毒治疗中心，对38名感染艾滋病毒的12-19岁青少年进行了深入访谈。对数据进行主题分析，以确定与压力源和具体应对策略相关的主题和领域。社会心理挑战包括耻辱/歧视、艾滋病毒状况披露等关系挑战和药物困难。应对策略包括药物依从性、隐瞒或有限披露艾滋病毒状况、治疗乐观、社会支持、合理化、社会比较、灵性/宗教信仰、回避和分心。年龄和性别差异也出现了：年轻的参与者普遍缺乏具体的应对策略；与女性相比，男性青少年报告更多地使用回避/分心技术。调查结果强调，有必要解决家庭和学校中的污名问题，并为青少年提供全面的知识和技能，以应对各种挑战。
Although more than 90% of youth perinatally infected with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the psychosocial factors that impact their wellbeing, or how these youth cope with these challenges. The purpose of this study was to identify the psychosocial challenges and coping strategies among perinatal HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 38 HIV-infected adolescents aged 12-19 years at a large HIV treatment center in Kampala. Data were analyzed thematically to identify themes and domains related to stressors and specific coping strategies. Psychosocial challenges included stigma/discrimination, relationship challenges such as HIV status disclosure, and medication difficulties. Coping strategies included medication adherence, concealment or limited disclosure of HIV status, treatment optimism, social support, rationalizing, social comparison, spirituality/religiosity, avoidance, and distraction. Age and gender differences also emerged: younger participants generally lacked specific coping strategies; compared to females, male adolescents reported greater use of avoidance/distraction techniques. Findings underscore the need to address stigma within homes and schools, and to equip adolescents with the comprehensive knowledge and skills to address their varied challenges.