Effects of electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve on the jaw-opening reflex
Effects of electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve on the jaw-opening reflex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2011.03.065
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发表时间：
2011-05-19
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Inoue, Makoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fukuhara, Takako;Tsujimura, Takanori;Inoue, Makoto
本研究的目的是检查是否下颌开反射（JOR）在吞咽过程中调制，如果是这样的话，低和高阈值传入诱发反射反应之间的调制进行比较。实验在11只麻醉家兔上进行。刺激下牙槽神经诱发二腹肌JOR。刺激强度为诱发JOR阈值的1.5倍（低阈值）或4.0倍（高阈值）。作为条件刺激，重复刺激上级喉神经（SLN）诱发吞咽反射。刺激SLN 20 s以上时，刺激强度为诱发吞咽反射阈值的0.6 ~ 8.0倍。记录二腹肌和下颌舌骨肌的肌电（EMG）活动，测量二腹肌的峰间肌电振幅，并比较有和没有SLN刺激以及有和没有吞咽的情况。低阈值和高阈值传入诱发的JORs之间也进行了比较。在SLN刺激期间，JOR被强烈抑制。当施加于SLN的刺激电流增加时，抑制程度增加，JOR的潜伏期延迟。当记录低阈值传入诱发的JOR时，这种调制是明显的。吞咽事件的运动输出和单脉冲刺激SLN对抑制JOR的影响不明显。这些结果表明，低和高阈值传入引起的JOR抑制喉感觉输入和吞咽后，可能是为了防止吞咽过程中由口腔感觉输入引起的下颌运动。(C)2011 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The present study aimed to examine whether the jaw-opening reflex (JOR) is modulated during swallowing, and if so, to compare the modulation between the low- and high-threshold afferent-evoked reflex responses. Experiments were carried out on 11 anesthetized rabbits. The inferior alveolar nerve was stimulated to evoke the JOR in the digastric muscle. The stimulus intensity was either 1.5 (low threshold) or 4.0 (high threshold) times the threshold for eliciting the JOR. As a conditioning stimulation, the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) was repetitively stimulated to evoke the swallowing reflex. The stimulus intensity ranged from 0.6 to 8.0 times the threshold to evoke the swallowing reflex during SLN stimulation over 20 s. Electromyographic (EMG) activities of the digastric and mylohyoid muscles were recorded, and the peak-to-peak EMG amplitude of the digastric muscle was measured and compared with and without SLN stimulation, as well as with and without swallowing. Comparisons were also made between low- and high-threshold afferent-evoked JORs. The JOR was strongly suppressed during SLN stimulation. The degree of suppression increased and the latency for the JOR was delayed when the stimulus current applied to the SLN was increased. Such modulation was apparent when the low-threshold afferent-evoked JOR was recorded. Effects of motor outputs of swallowing events and those of single-pulse stimulation of SLN on the inhibition of the JOR were not noted. These results suggest that the JOR evoked by both the low- and high-threshold afferents was inhibited during laryngeal sensory input and following swallowing, probably to prevent opposing jaw movements evoked by oral sensory input during swallowing. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.